吴非, 陶静波, 骆伟彪, 贾建伟, 楼灵巧. 义乌市育龄期妇女风疹相关知识、态度和行为调查[J]. 上海预防医学, 2018, 30(7): 609-613. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18546
引用本文: 吴非, 陶静波, 骆伟彪, 贾建伟, 楼灵巧. 义乌市育龄期妇女风疹相关知识、态度和行为调查[J]. 上海预防医学, 2018, 30(7): 609-613. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18546
WU Fei, TAO Jing-bo, LUO Wei-biao, JIA Jian-wei, LOU Ling-qiao. Survey on related knowledge, attitudes and practice on rubella and its vaccine among reproductive aged women in Yiwu City[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2018, 30(7): 609-613. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18546
Citation: WU Fei, TAO Jing-bo, LUO Wei-biao, JIA Jian-wei, LOU Ling-qiao. Survey on related knowledge, attitudes and practice on rubella and its vaccine among reproductive aged women in Yiwu City[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2018, 30(7): 609-613. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18546

义乌市育龄期妇女风疹相关知识、态度和行为调查

Survey on related knowledge, attitudes and practice on rubella and its vaccine among reproductive aged women in Yiwu City

  • 摘要:
    目的了解育龄期妇女对风疹及含风疹成分疫苗相关知识的认知、态度和行为,为针对性的干预提供依据。
    方法2017年5-6月对义乌市的334名育龄妇女(19~45岁)入户开展问卷调查,内容包括对风疹及含风疹成分疫苗的认知、态度和行为。采用单因素方差分析与多因素logistic回归模型相结合的方式对问卷得分的影响因素进行分析。
    结果共完成有效调查332人,有效率为99.40%。其中听说过风疹的育龄妇女仅有72人,知晓率为21.60%。单因素方差分析显示,不同教育程度(F=17.621,P < 0.01)、家庭人均月收入(F=7.484,P < 0.01)和职业(F=14.661,P < 0.01)的育龄妇女风疹知识、态度和行为差异有统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析显示,职业为风疹知识、态度和行为的负面影响因素(OR < 1,P < 0.05),教育程度为正面影响因素(OR=2.587,P < 0.01)。仅有28人(48.28%)愿意接种含风疹成分疫苗,不愿意接种的主要原因为周围没有人接种(33.33%)及担心疫苗安全(20.00%);仅有5人(1.51%)接种了含风疹成分疫苗,未接种疫苗的主要原因为不知道去哪里接种(18.87%)和担心疫苗安全(13.21%)。在健康教育宣传内容方面,最感兴趣的是疫苗的安全性和有效性,最受青睐的宣传形式为微信等新媒体。
    结论义乌市育龄妇女对风疹及含风疹成分疫苗相关知识的认知不足,教育程度和职业是育龄妇女风疹知识、态度和行为的主要影响因素,应结合调查结果,采用微信公众号及社区宣讲等形式,积极做好对城市农村重点人群的风疹及含风疹成分疫苗的认知干预,加强孕前自我防护意识,预防风疹及先天性风疹综合征的发生。

     

    Abstract:
    ObjectiveTo investigate the related knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) on rubella and rubella vaccine among reproductive aged women, so as to provide evidence for control and intervention project.
    MethodsFrom May to June in 2017, 334 reproductive aged women (19-45 years old) of Yiwu city received questionnaire survey on their knowledge, attitudes and practice on rubella and rubella vaccine.The data were analyzed through descriptive epidemiological method, one-way ANOVA and logistic regression by Epidata 3.0 and SPSS 23.0.
    ResultsA total of 332 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 99.40%. And 72 subjects had heard of rubella, with a rate of 21.60%. One-way ANOVA analysis showed that the education level (F=17.621, P < 0.01), average monthly income (F=7.484, P < 0.01) and occupation (F=14.661, P < 0.01) had significantly influence on KAP score. By further multivariate logistic regression model, occupation had negative influence (OR < 1, P < 0.05) on KAP score level while the education level was positive (OR=2.587, P < 0.001).In the survey, only 28 of them (48.28%) would like to be vaccinated. The reason for unwilling to be vaccinated was that no one had been vaccinated round about (33.33%) and all worried about the safety of vaccine (20.00%).By the day of survey, only 5 people (1.51%) were vaccinated.For the rest of them, it was that they did not know where to get vaccinated (18.87%) and worried about the vaccine safety (13.21%), which were the main reasons of unvaccination.In terms of health education publicity, the most interested content for them were the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine, and the most popular form of publicity was WeChat media.
    ConclusionThe overall awareness on rubella and its vaccination with the subjects of Yiwu City proves to be insufficient.And education level is the key influence factor.We should make use of Wechat and community presentations, promote the rubella vaccine and cognitive intervention in the high-risk groups, enlarge the popularization rate of related knowledge, and strengthen the self-protection consciousness before pregnancy, so as to better control and prevent rubella and congenital rubella syndrome.

     

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