上海市卡介苗不良反应发生率调查

白庆瑞; 胡家瑜; 吴琳琳; 孙晓冬

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18667

上海市卡介苗不良反应发生率调查

Survey on adverse reaction rate of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in Shanghai

摘要

摘要:
目的调查上海市卡介苗不良反应发生率和疾病特征，为制定本市卡介苗接种策略和预防卡介苗不良反应提供依据。
方法采用两阶段随机抽样方法，在上海市4个区中抽取接种了卡介苗的1月龄新生儿，在其3、6、9、18月龄时各随访检查1次，观察是否发生不良反应，计算不良反应发生率。同时，对疑似卡介苗不良反应病例进行调查，分析疾病发生特征。
结果2 411例新生儿完成随访观察，其中2例发生卡介苗不良反应，均为卡介苗淋巴结炎，不良反应发生率为8.30/万（1.39/万~27.41/万）。2例患者分别于接种卡介苗26 d和91 d后发现症状，经保守治疗后好转。
结论主动监测的卡介苗不良反应发生率高于被动监测报告的发生率，未发现严重不良反应，上海市卡介苗接种安全性总体较好。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence rate and characteristics of adverse reaction of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin(BCG) in Shanghai, providing a basis for formulaing BCG vaccination strategy and preventing its adverse reactions.
MethodsA survey was conducted in 4 districts of Shanghai.One-month-old infants were recruited as the subjects of the survey through a two-stage sampling.The subjects were followed and examined for BCG adverse reaction at the age of 3, 6, 9, 18 months, with the incidence rate of adverse reaction of BCG estimated.Each case of BCG adverse reaction found in the survey was investigated for information on the details of adverse reaction.
ResultsA total of 2 411 subjects were followed and BCG adverse reactions found in 2 subjects.The incidence rate was 8.30/10 000(1.39/10 000~27.41/10 000).Both cases were diagnosed with BCG lymphadenitis, and their symptoms occurred at 26 and 91 days respectively after BCG vaccination.Their symptoms were improved after conservative treatments.
ConclusionThe incidence rate found in this survey is higher than that reported through passive surveillance, but without serious adverse reactions detected.The safety of BCG vaccination in Shanghai is generally good.

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