新型冠状病毒肺炎患者出院<b>6</b>个月后血清抗体水平检测

梁咏梅; 岳营; 李立博; 樊文娟; 姜静静; 姜文国

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2021.21532

新型冠状病毒肺炎患者出院6个月后血清抗体水平检测

Serum antibody levels in COVID-19 patients six months after hospital discharge

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）患者出院6个月后血清抗体的水平，为进一步研究COVID-19患者IgM、IgG以及中和抗体滴度水平的持续时间提供数据支持。
方法采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测IgM、IgG的抗体水平，采用新型冠状病毒活病毒中和试验检测181例COVID-19康复出院患者血浆的中和抗体。
结果181例出院6个月的患者中IgG阳性率为92.27%（167/181），IgM阳性率为28.18%（51/181）。其中117例（64.64%）患者IgG抗体阳性、IgM抗体阴性，表明患者体内已产生稳定的抗体，提示既往感染过新型冠状病毒，现处于恢复阶段。166例患者体内可检测出中和抗体，中和抗体的阳性率达91.71%（166/181）。
结论COVID-19患者治愈出院6个月后，体内产生的抗体持续存在，且中和抗体保持在较高水平的稳定状态，对未来COVID-19抗体持久性的研究具有重要的指导意义。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the level of serum antibodies in COVID-19 patients six months after discharge， and to provide data to evaluate the duration of IgM， IgG and neutralizing antibody titers in the patients.
MethodsEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to determine the antibody levels of IgM and IgG， and the new coronavirus live virus neutralization test was used to detect the neutralizing antibodies in the plasma of 181 recovered patients.
ResultsThe IgG positive rate was 92.27% （167/181） in COVID-19 patients six months after discharge， while the lgM positive rate was 28.18% （51/181）. Six months after hospital discharge， 117 recovered patients （64.64%） were positive for IgG antibodies and negative for IgM antibodies， indicating that they had produced stable antibodies. This result suggested that they had been infected with the new coronavirus （SARS-CoV-2） and were in the recovery stage. The positive detection rate of neutralizing antibodies was as high as 91.71%.
ConclusionSix months after infection with SARS-CoV-2， IgG antibodies produced in the patients continue to exist， and the neutralizing antibodies maintain a high and stable level. Results of this study have important guiding significance for future research on the durability of new coronavirus antibodies.

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