王婧, 黄卓英, 胡家瑜, 姜铭波, 陆瑾, 许振慧, 孙晓冬. 上海市某社区5岁以下儿童肺炎发病与诊疗情况分析[J]. 上海预防医学, 2018, 30(7): 552-556. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18668
引用本文: 王婧, 黄卓英, 胡家瑜, 姜铭波, 陆瑾, 许振慧, 孙晓冬. 上海市某社区5岁以下儿童肺炎发病与诊疗情况分析[J]. 上海预防医学, 2018, 30(7): 552-556. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18668
WANG Jing, HUANG Zhuo-ying, HU Jia-yu, JIANG Ming-bo, LU Jin, XU Zhen-hui, SUN Xiao-dong. Retrospective study on incidence and diagnosis of pneumonia in children under 5 years old in a community of Shanghai[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2018, 30(7): 552-556. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18668
Citation: WANG Jing, HUANG Zhuo-ying, HU Jia-yu, JIANG Ming-bo, LU Jin, XU Zhen-hui, SUN Xiao-dong. Retrospective study on incidence and diagnosis of pneumonia in children under 5 years old in a community of Shanghai[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2018, 30(7): 552-556. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18668

上海市某社区5岁以下儿童肺炎发病与诊疗情况分析

Retrospective study on incidence and diagnosis of pneumonia in children under 5 years old in a community of Shanghai

  • 摘要:
    目的了解儿童肺炎的流行特征、疾病负担及肺炎疫苗接种情况。
    方法对上海市某社区2012年1月1日-12月31日期间诊断为肺炎的5岁以下儿童进行回顾性调查,获得病例的流行病学和诊疗费用信息,并进行统计分析。
    结果共调查了5岁以下儿童1 079人,确诊肺炎86例,儿童肺炎发病率为7.97%,其中男性发病率为9.63%,女性发病率为5.95%。2~岁组发病率最高(11.70%);春季和冬季高发。23例在肺炎发病前有肺炎疫苗接种史(占26.74%);住院病例16例(占18.60%),发病前有肺炎疫苗接种史的病例住院比例(4.35%)明显低于无肺炎疫苗接种史的病例(23.81%),差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。86例肺炎病例产生的总费用为345 444元,平均每个病例花费4 017元,其中陪护费最高,占57.03%,其次是门诊就诊费和住院费,分别占22.13%和9.92%。对费用有影响的因素为是否住院治疗,住院病例的花费高于未住院病例(P < 0.05)。
    结论5岁以下儿童肺炎病例的高住院率与未接种肺炎疫苗有关;降低住院率将减少儿童肺炎疾病负担;儿童肺炎疫苗接种能减少儿童肺炎的发生和住院。

     

    Abstract:
    ObjectiveTo obtain data on epidemics characteristics, disease burden and pneumonia vaccination for children pneumonia.
    MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on children under 5 who had been diagnosed with pneumonia from Jan 1 to Dec 31 in 2012.The information thus obtained on epidemiology and cost of medical service was statistically analyzed.
    ResultsA total of 1 079 children under 5 were investigated, of whom 86 were diagnosed with pneumonia in 2012.The incidence rate of pneumonia in children was 7.97%;the incidence of male was 9.63% and that of female was 5.95%, with the highest incidence rate (11.70%) in those aged 2 to 3 years in all age groups.Incidence rate was found to be higher in spring and winter.Twenty-three people (26.74%) had a history of pneumonia vaccination before the onset of pneumonia.The number of hospitalized cases was 16 (18.60%).Those with a history of pneumonia vaccination before onset had an obviously lower hospitalized proportion (4.35%) than those without (23.81%), and the difference between them was statistically significant (P < 0.05).The total cost for the 86 cases was 345 444 yuan, and 4 017 yuan for each on average.The medical nursing cost was the highest, accounting for 57.03%.The outpatient cost and hospitalization cost were 22.13% and 9.92%.The factor affecting the amount of cost was hospitalization, and the costs for hospitalization was higher than those for non-hospitalized cases (P < 0.05).
    ConclusionThe high hospitalization rate for children under 5 is associated with no pneumonia vaccination.Reducing hospitalization rates will effectively reduce the burden of childhood pneumonia.Vaccination for children can effectively reduce the occurrence and hospitalization rate for children pneumonia.

     

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