金媛媛, 张晓梅, 陈鸿, 赵慧君, 鲁翼雯, 沈悦恬, 匡兴亚. 上海市某工业区大气PM2.5 中重金属浓度及生态风险评估[J]. 上海预防医学, 2022, 34(3): 252-255. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.21065
引用本文: 金媛媛, 张晓梅, 陈鸿, 赵慧君, 鲁翼雯, 沈悦恬, 匡兴亚. 上海市某工业区大气PM2.5 中重金属浓度及生态风险评估[J]. 上海预防医学, 2022, 34(3): 252-255. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.21065
JIN Yuanyuan, ZHANG Xiaomei, CHEN Hong, ZHAO Huijun, LU Yiwen, SHEN Yuetian, KUANG Xingya. The concentration of heavy metals in PM2.5 and its ecological risk assessment in an industrial zone of Shanghai[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 34(3): 252-255. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.21065
Citation: JIN Yuanyuan, ZHANG Xiaomei, CHEN Hong, ZHAO Huijun, LU Yiwen, SHEN Yuetian, KUANG Xingya. The concentration of heavy metals in PM2.5 and its ecological risk assessment in an industrial zone of Shanghai[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 34(3): 252-255. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.21065

上海市某工业区大气PM2.5 中重金属浓度及生态风险评估

The concentration of heavy metals in PM2.5 and its ecological risk assessment in an industrial zone of Shanghai

  • 摘要:
    目的 研究工业区和生活区四季大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)中所含成分及浓度,为控制工业污染、治理大气环境的策略制定提供科学依据。
    方法 以上海汽车产业为主的工业区和相对洁净的生活区为采样点,选取四季中旬,连续7 d在两区同步进行样品采集,而后对大气PM2.5的成分及浓度进行分析,用潜在生态风险指数法评估PM2.5中重金属的潜在生态风险。
    结果 PM2.5浓度与季节改变相关:生活区PM2.5质量浓度冬季最高,春季次之,夏季最低;工业区PM2.5质量浓度春季最高,冬季次之,夏季最低。PM2.5中重金属成分相同,均含有铝(Al)、铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、镍(Ni)、砷(As)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)和铅(Pb)。工业区PM2.5中重金属Cr、Cd和Pb含量明显高于生活区。工业区PM2.5中的重金属Cd潜在生态危害系数为最高,达到189.47,且为重金属总潜在生态危害指数的主要组成部分。工业区重金属Cd随着季节变化对生态危害程度有所不同,根据重金属总潜在生态 风险等级划分,冬季为很强,春季和秋季为强,夏季为轻微。
    结论 工业区PM2.5中重金属Cr、Cd和Pb含量明显高于生活区,PM2.5重金属含量浓度主要与季节、工业生产和人为因素有关。PM2.5重金属Cd潜在生态危害系数相对于重金属Cr、Hg、Pb等为最高,且是重金属总潜在生态危害指数的主要组成部分。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To study the composition and concentration of atmospheric particulate pollutants in four seasons in the industrial and clean living areas, and to provide a scientific basis for the strategy of controlling industrial pollution and atmospheric environment.
    Methods An industrial area dominated by the automobile industry in Shanghai and a relatively clean living area were selected. Samples were collected simultaneously in both areas and continuously for 7 days in the middle of each season. The composition and concentration of PM2.5 were determined, and the ecological risk of heavy metals in PM2.5 was evaluated by the potential ecological risk index method.
    Results We found PM2.5 concentration was associated with seasonal changes. The PM2.5 concentration in living areas was the highest in winter, followed by spring, and the lowest in summer. The PM2.5 concentration in industrial areas was the highest in spring, followed by winter, and the lowest in summer. The heavy metals in PM2.5 were the same, including Al, Cr, Mn, Ni, As, Cd, Hg and Pb. The content of Cr, Cd and Pb in PM2.5 in the industrial area is significantly higher than that in the living area. The potential ecological hazard coefficient of PM2.5 heavy metal Cd in the industrial zone was the highest, up to 189.47, and it was the main component of the total potential ecological hazard index of heavy metals. According to the total potential risk grade of heavy metals, the heavy metal Cd in the industrial area had different degrees of ecological harm with seasonal changes. The ecological harm degree of heavy metal Cd was the highest in winter, high in spring and autumn, and low in summer.
    Conclusion Although the concentration of PM2.5 in the industrial area is not higher than that in the living area, the content of Cr, Cd and Pb in the PM2.5 in the industrial area is significantly higher than that in the living area. The concentration of PM2.5 in the industrial area is mainly related to seasons, industrial production and human factors. The potential ecological harm coefficient of heavy metal Cd in PM2.5 is the highest in comparison with other heavy metals such as Cr, Hg and Pb, and it is the main component of the total potential ecological harm index of heavy metals.

     

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