吴丽珠, 高红梅, 马英. 上海市青浦区主要市售谷物及其制品的铅、镉、汞污染及健康风险评估[J]. 上海预防医学, 2019, 31(6): 451-456. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2019.19411
引用本文: 吴丽珠, 高红梅, 马英. 上海市青浦区主要市售谷物及其制品的铅、镉、汞污染及健康风险评估[J]. 上海预防医学, 2019, 31(6): 451-456. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2019.19411
WU Li-zhu, GAO Hong-mei, MA Ying. Lead, cadmium and mercury pollution and health risk assessment for main marketed grain and its products in Qingpu District of Shanghai[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2019, 31(6): 451-456. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2019.19411
Citation: WU Li-zhu, GAO Hong-mei, MA Ying. Lead, cadmium and mercury pollution and health risk assessment for main marketed grain and its products in Qingpu District of Shanghai[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2019, 31(6): 451-456. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2019.19411

上海市青浦区主要市售谷物及其制品的铅、镉、汞污染及健康风险评估

Lead, cadmium and mercury pollution and health risk assessment for main marketed grain and its products in Qingpu District of Shanghai

  • 摘要:
    目的监测上海市青浦区主要市售谷物及其制品中重金属污染状况,评估经谷物摄入重金属的健康风险。
    方法在青浦辖区内按照简单随机抽样的方法共采集样品342件,检测其铅、镉、总汞的含量,采用单因子污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数评价重金属污染程度,结合2012—2013年间上海市膳食与健康状况监测数据,评估青浦区居民食用谷物及其制品摄入重金属的量,同时应用美国环保局(USEPA)推荐的健康风险模型评价其人体健康的潜在危害。
    结果青浦区谷物及其制品中铅、镉、总汞的均值含量分别为0.019 7、0.008 1、0.002 5 mg/kg; 3类谷物及其制品中重金属单因子污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数均小于0.7,为安全等级; 谷物制品中铅、镉、总汞每日膳食暴露均值分别为0.044 2、0.012 1、0.068 7 μg/kg(以每天每kg体重计,下同),分别占暂定每周耐受摄入量(PTWI)的5.31%、2.12%和1.92%;P95分别为0.085 3、0.023 7、0.141 9 μg/kg,占PTWI的10.24%、4.14%和3.97%;3种重金属经谷物制品摄入造成的健康危害平均个人年风险总值的均值及P95处于10-6/a数量级,低于国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受值5.0×10-5/a,造成平均预期寿命损失LIE的均值及P95分别为20.22 min和38.99 min。
    结论青浦区谷物及其制品重金属的人群膳食暴露处于安全水平。

     

    Abstract:
    ObjectiveTo investigate heavy metal contamination situation of grains in Qingpu, evaluating the health risks of heavy metals intake from grains consumption.
    MethodsA total of 342 grain samples were collected in Qingpu using random sampling method, and the contents of Pb, Cd, Hg detected.Then the single factor pollution index and Nemerow multi-factor index were used to evaluate the levels of heavy metals in grains.In addition, combined with the data on dietary consumption in residents of Shanghai during 2012-2013, the dietary risk and carcinogenic risk of heavy metals were evaluated by USEPA health risk assessment model.
    ResultsThe mean contents of Pb, Cd, Hg in grains were 0.0197, 0.0081, 0.0025 mg/kg, respectively.In addition, the single factor contamination indexes and the Nemerow multi-factor indexes of heavy metals in 3 kinds of grains were found to be less than 0.7, which indicated that the pollution status of heavy metals were at the level of safety.The average daily intake of Pb, Cd, Hg from grains were estimated to be 0.044 2, 0.012 1 and 0.068 7 μg/kg, accounting for 5.31%, 2.12% and 1.92% of PTWI(provisional tolerable weekly intake); and the higher daily intake (P95) were estimated to be 0.085 3, 0.023 7 and 0.141 9 μg/kg, accounting for 10.24%, 4.14% and 3.97% of PTWI.The average and higher individual health risk of heavy metal pollution were both 10-6/a, less than the standard of ICRP(5.0×10-5/a).The average and higher LIE caused by the heavy metals was 20.22 min and 38.99 min.
    ConclusionDietary exposure of heavy metal in grains is in a safety level in Qingpu District.

     

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