Management effect evaluation on elderly Type 2 diabetics in a community of Shanghai

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes and its management effect in residents above 65 in Tangqiao Community,Pudong New Area of Shanghai,and to study the relevant factors in achieving the standard for senile fasting blood glucose (FBG).Methods The surveys of lifestyle (diet,exercise,drinking,smoking), physical examinations(height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference and blood pressure) were done by means of questionnaire and the laboratory tests (fasting venous blood sugar,liver and kidney function,blood lipids) were conducted to evaluate the management effect on elderly type 2 diabetics.Results Of the 4 219 elderly over 65, 807 were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, with the prevalence being 19.1%. And 59.4% of them achieved the standard of FBG. In the process of examination, 603 patients without a definite history of diabetes were found to have fasting plasma glucose abnormalities, accounting for 14.3% of the total. The average levels of systolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, waist and hip circumference ratio, total cholesterol, triglyceride were all significantly higher in senile residents or type 2 diabetes patients who did not reach the standard of FBG as those of type 2 diabetes patients with FBG controlled at desired target(P<0.05).The multiple factor logistic regression analysis showed that abdominal obesity and high systolic blood pressure were the independent risk factors for levels of FBG. Physical exercise, high level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol were the independent protective factors to promote FBG compliance.Conclusion The prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes had reached a relatively high level in elderly residents in Tangqiao community of Shanghai, and the FBG abnormal occurrence rate was higher. The factors that affect the FBG level of the elderly patients with type 2 diabetes are high blood pressure, abdominal obesity and insufficient exercise. It is also necessary to enhance the management of blood lipids and blood pressure in the process of intervention for type 2 diabetes. Physical exercise and weight control are important in effective management of diabetes.