Abstract: The efficacy, safety and adherence of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are reviewed in this article.Oral daily tenofovir/emtricitabine can significantly decrease the incidence of HIV infection among people at high risk, with no severe adverse effects.PrEP effectiveness is closely associated with medication adherence.To reduce the transmission of HIV, it is suggested that pilot tests should be carried out in high risk population; universal education offered on AIDS prevention and control; drug prices lowered; comprehensive prevention strategy adopted; marketing of PrEP drugs promoted; and the risk of HIV infection reduced.