2016年上海市居民烟草暴露和烟草危害的认知情况

陈德; 蒋月英; 尉晓霞; 王剑; 乐坤蕾; 黎明; 龚正阳; 顾沈兵; 高晶蓉

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18828

2016年上海市居民烟草暴露和烟草危害的认知情况

Awareness of tobacco exposure and tobacco hazards among residents of Shanghai in 2016

摘要

摘要:
目的了解上海市居民烟草暴露及对烟草危害的认知水平。
方法于2016年10月至12月，采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法在上海市16个区(县)抽取8个项目点共计3 022名常住居民进行烟草暴露及对烟草危害认知的问卷调查。
结果上海市居民现在吸烟率为21.0%，每日吸烟率为18.0%。男性的现在吸烟率、每日吸烟率均高于女性，差异有统计学意义(χ²=733.31，P＜0.01；χ²=605.35，P＜0.01)。在酒吧、KTV、夜总会二手烟的暴露率最高，为78.9%，其次为餐馆44.3%，在公共交通工具的二手烟暴露率最低，为6.8%。居民对吸烟导致肺癌的认知程度较高，达到94%；对吸烟导致中风、心脏病、肺癌、阴茎勃起障碍的认知程度较低，仅有30.8%。分别有84.9%、81.4%的居民知晓二手烟可导致成人肺癌、儿童肺部疾病。
结论上海市居民的烟草暴露与二手烟暴露情况好于2015年全国平均水平，但居民对吸烟和二手烟的危害认知水平仍较低。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo ascertain the cognitive level of tobacco exposure and tobacco hazards among residents in Shanghai.
MethodsA total of 3 022 residents from 8 counties through stratified multi-stage cluster sampling from Shanghai were selected and surveyed.
ResultsThe current smoking rate of residents was 21.0%, the daily cigarette smoking rate of residents was 18.0%, in which men was higher than women in the rate, with a significant difference(χ²=733.31, P < 0.01, χ²=605.35, P < 0.01).The rate of secondhand smoke exposure in bar, KTV, nightclub was the highest(78.9%), followed by restaurant(44.3%), while in the public transport means the rate was the lowest(6.8%).As high as 94% of the residents had higher awareness that smoking caused lung cancer.Only 30.8% residents had the knowledge that smoking could cause stroke, heart disease, lung cancer and penile erectile dysfunction.And 84.9% and 81.4% of the residents respectively had the knowledge that passive smoking could cause adult lung cancer and children lung disease.
ConclusionThe prevalence of smoking and passive smoking among residents in Shanghai are below the national level in 2015, while the tobacco epidemic situation is still serious, and the knowledge of smoking tobacco and second-hand smoking risk still lacking.

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