湖州市德清县成年人群<b>SARS-CoV-2</b>灭活疫苗全程接种免疫效果的血清学评价

毛传武; 陈颖峰; 张莉; 解玉阳; 董晓莲; 蒋露芳; 姜庆五

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.22105

湖州市德清县成年人群SARS-CoV-2灭活疫苗全程接种免疫效果的血清学评价

Serological evaluation of immune effect of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in adult population in Deqing County， Huzhou City， Zhejiang Province

摘要

摘要:
目的了解≥18岁成年人群在新型冠状病毒（SARS⁃CoV⁃2）灭活疫苗全程免疫后血清特异性抗体水平，并分析其影响因素。
方法以浙江省湖州市德清县已完成2剂次SARS⁃CoV⁃2灭活疫苗全程接种的18岁及以上居民为研究对象，收集性别、年龄、接种疫苗种类以及 2剂次接种时间等信息，采集研究对象血清样本，采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）定量检测SARS⁃CoV⁃2受体结合结构域（RBD）特异性抗体水平，并分析其影响因素。
结果接种了SARS⁃CoV⁃2灭活疫苗加强针人群的IgG抗体水平中位数高于完成2剂次全程接种人群，也高于只接种1剂次疫苗人群（P<0.05）。男性IgG抗体水平中位数为9.73（4.01~23.70） RU‧mL^-1，低于女性［17.76（7.07~49.23） RU‧mL^-1］（P<0.05）。国药集团北京生物制品研究所疫苗接种人群IgG抗体水平中位数为6.53（0.97~13.69） RU‧mL^-1，低于北京科兴中维生物技术有限公司疫苗接种人群［17.29（8.54~43.73） RU‧mL^-1］（P<0.05），也低于2种疫苗序贯接种人群［12.00（5.45~40.06） RU‧mL^-1］（P<0.05）。距离第2剂次接种的间隔时间>6个月人群的IgG抗体水平中位数为9.73（3.83~23.63） RU‧mL^-1，低于接种3~6个月人群［14.66（6.36~35.98） RU‧mL^-1］（P<0.05）。影响因素分析显示，女性比男性疫苗接种效果好（χ²=16.464，P<0.05）；18~45岁年龄组人群疫苗接种效果更好（χ²=7.158，P<0.05）；接种北京科兴中维生物技术有限公司疫苗的人群效果更好（χ²=49.637，P<0.05）；距离第2剂次接种时间间隔>6个月的人群，疫苗接种效果下降（χ²=8.447，P<0.05）。
结论性别、年龄、疫苗种类一定程度上会影响免疫接种的效果，18岁及以上成年人群全程接种SARS⁃CoV⁃2灭活疫苗后呈现较好的免疫原性，但在接种6个月以后会出现疫苗接种效果显著下降，应及时接种加强针，以保持体内特异性抗体水平。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody in adults and above after initial vaccination with inactivated COVID-19 vaccine， and determine the influencing factors.
Methods In this study， residents aged 18 and above who had completed two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in Deqing County， Huzhou City， Zhejiang Province were included. Information such as gender， age， type of vaccine and vaccination time were collected， and serum specimens were sampled. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain （RBD） antibody was quantitatively examined by enzyma-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） and influencing factors were determined.
Results The median concentration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody in the residents vaccinated with an inactivated booster vaccine was higher than that in those vaccinated with only two doses of COVID-19 vaccine or single dose （P<0.05）. The median concentration of IgG antibody in males was 9.73 （4.01‒23.70） RU‧mL^-1， lower than 17.76 （7.07‒49.23） RU‧mL^-1 in females （P<0.05）. The median concentration in the residents vaccinated with BBIBP-CorV （Sinopharm） was 6.53 （0.97‒13.69） RU‧mL^-1， which was lower than that in those vaccinated with CoronaVac （Sinovac） that was 17.29 （8.54‒43.73） RU‧mL^-1 （P<0.05）. The median concentration in those with BBIBP-CorV was also lower than 12 （5.45‒40.06） RU‧mL^-1 in those with heterologous booster vaccine （P<0.05）. The median concentration was 9.73 （3.83‒23.63） RU‧mL^-1 in the residents with an interval of more than 6 months from the second dose， which was lower than 14.66 （6.36‒35.98） RU‧mL^-1 in those with an interval of 3‒6 months （P<0.05）. Moreover， immune effect was better in females （χ²=16.464， P<0.05）， 18‒45 years （χ²=7.158， P<0.05）， and those vaccinated with CornaVac （χ²=49.637， P<0.05）， while decreased in those with an interval of more than 6 months from the second dose （χ²=8.447， P<0.05）.
Conclusion Gender， age， and type of vaccine may affect the effect of immunization. The COVID-19 vaccination shows an acceptable immunogenicity in adults； however， it declines in 6 months after vaccination. It warrants strengthening the booster vaccination to maintain the immune response.

HTML全文

参考文献(17)

施引文献

资源附件(0)