核医学工作人员体内人工放射性核素内照射剂量初步调查

杨树强; 陈晓文; 赵镁嘉; 赵陆芊; 秦宏冉; 王静静; 何佳伟; 徐孝华

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2023.22392

核医学工作人员体内人工放射性核素内照射剂量初步调查

A preliminary investigation on internal exposure dose of artificial radionuclides in nuclear medicine staff

摘要

摘要:
目的初步了解核医学工作人员体内可能受到放射性核素污染的情况。
方法选择上海市2家开展核医学诊疗医院的放射科工作人员共34名作为调查对象，其中核医学医生8名、核医学技师14名、核医学护士12名。先通过体表放射性污染检测确认其无体表放射性污染后，再用全身计数仪进行全身扫描判断其是否受到体内人工放射性核素污染。
结果核医学工作人员均未检测出α表面污染，核医学医生、技师和护士β表面污染分别为（13.8±0.8）、（14.1±0.8）、（14.0±0.7）次·s^-1。8名核医学医生中，分别有2、2、4名受到¹⁸F、^99mTc和¹³¹I污染；14名核医学技师中，分别有3、5、2名受到¹⁸F、^99mTc和¹³¹I污染；12名核医学护士中，分别有6、8、5名受到¹⁸F、^99mTc和¹³¹I污染。核医学技师体内¹⁸F活度为1 997~9 401 Bq，核医学技师和护士体内^99mTc活度分别为3 699~18 692、652~38 822 Bq，有1名核医学护士体内^99mTc活度达35 389 Bq。根据¹³¹I内照射剂量初步估算，核医学医生、技师和护士的最大待积有效剂量可分别达0.370、0.018和0.584 mSv。
结论核医学工作人员受到放射性核素污染的比例较高，其内照射剂量监测与评价工作不容忽视。

Abstract:
Objective To tentatively understand the status of radioactive contamination in nuclear medicine personnel.
Methods A total of 34 radiation staff engaged in nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment were selected from two hospitals in Shanghai as the survey subjects.Among the 34 medical staff， 8 were nuclear medicine doctors， 14 were nuclear medicine technicians and 12 were nuclear medicine nurses. After surface contamination monitoring was first carried out to confirm that they had no surface radioactivity contamination， whole body scanning was performed with a whole body counter to determine whether they were internally contaminated with artificial radionuclides.
Results The α surface contamination was not detected in the nuclear medical staff. The β surface contamination of the nuclear medicine doctors， technicians and nurses was （13.8±0.8），（14.1±0.8） and （14.0±0.7） times per second， respectively. There were 2， 2， and 4 nuclear medicine doctors who were contaminated with ¹⁸F， ^99mTc and ¹³¹I， 3， 5， and 2 nuclear medicine technicians who were contaminated with ¹⁸F， ^99mTc and ¹³¹I， and 6， 8， and 5 nuclear medicine nurses who were contaminated with ¹⁸F， ^99mTc and ¹³¹I， respectively. The ¹⁸F activity of nuclear medicine technicians was 1 997‒9 401 Bq， and the ^99mTc activity of nuclear medicine technicians and nurses was 3 699‒18 692 and 652‒388 22 Bq， respectively. One nuclear medicine nurse had a ^99mTc activity of 35 389 Bq. According to the preliminary estimation of ¹³¹I internal irradiation dose， the maximum committed effective dose of nuclear medicine doctors， technicians and nurses could reach 0.370， 0.018 and 0.584 mSv， respectively.
Conclusion The nuclear medicine staff are exposed to radioactive contamination， and it is important to monitor and evaluate their internal radiation doses.

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