李宜锋, 李宗光, 何婷婷, 谢婧姿, 吕尚标, 袁敏, 林丹丹. 20022021年江西省血吸虫病流行趋势和现况分析[J]. 上海预防医学, 2023, 35(7): 619-625. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2023.22693
引用本文: 李宜锋, 李宗光, 何婷婷, 谢婧姿, 吕尚标, 袁敏, 林丹丹. 20022021年江西省血吸虫病流行趋势和现况分析[J]. 上海预防医学, 2023, 35(7): 619-625. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2023.22693
LI Yifeng, LI Zongguang, HE Tingting, XIE Jingzi, LYU Shangbiao, YUAN Min, LIN Dandan. Analysis of epidemic trends and status of schistosomiasis in Jiangxi Province from 2002 to 2021[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2023, 35(7): 619-625. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2023.22693
Citation: LI Yifeng, LI Zongguang, HE Tingting, XIE Jingzi, LYU Shangbiao, YUAN Min, LIN Dandan. Analysis of epidemic trends and status of schistosomiasis in Jiangxi Province from 2002 to 2021[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2023, 35(7): 619-625. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2023.22693

20022021年江西省血吸虫病流行趋势和现况分析

Analysis of epidemic trends and status of schistosomiasis in Jiangxi Province from 2002 to 2021

  • 摘要:
    目的 分析江西省2002—2021年血吸虫病流行变化趋势和现况,为制定和优化该省血吸虫病防治策略提供科学依据。
    方法 收集2002—2021年江西省血吸虫病防治疫情数据,采用Joinpoint回归模型对血吸虫病疫情趋势进行分析,以平均年度变化百分比(AAPC)评价人、牛血吸虫感染和钉螺面积变化;用SPSS 25.0软件对2021年度该省达标状况和人群血吸虫感染情况、钉螺面积进行统计学分析,评价不同城市、不同流行类型地区的差异。
    结果 2021年,江西省24个县(61.50%)实现消除标准,其中,山丘型和湖沼型流行县分别有82.60%和31.30%实现消除目标;全省人群血清学阳性率为3.51%,湖沼型流行区血清学阳性率(4.77%)高于山丘型流行区(1.23%)(χ2=3 827.51,P<0.001);全省实有钉螺面积84 938.32 hm2,其中湖沼型82 196.86 hm2,山丘型2 741.46 hm2。2002—2021年,人群和牛血吸虫感染率均呈下降趋势,年均变化百分比分别为-48.70%和-39.70%,山丘型流行区降幅均高于湖沼型地区;实有钉螺面积呈上升趋势(AAPC=0.50),山丘型流行区的增长幅度(5.80%)大于湖沼型地区(0.40%)。
    结论 2002—2021年江西省人群和牛血吸虫感染率持续下降,但钉螺面积增加,湖沼型流行区仍是防治重点地区,山丘型流行区风险不容忽视。应按照“突出重点、因地制宜、精准施策”的原则,贯彻落实以控制传染源为主的综合防治策略。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To analyze the epidemic trends and current status in the prevalence of schistosomiasis in Jiangxi Province from 2002 to 2021, and to provide evidence for formulating and optimizing schistosomiasis control strategies in the province.
    Methods Epidemiological data of schistosomiasis in Jiangxi Province from 2002 to 2021 were collected. The Joinpoint regression model was used to investigate the epidemic trends of schistosomiasis, and the annual average percent change (AAPC) was used to assess the changing trend of schistosomiasis infection in humans and bovines. SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyze the target achievement status, infection rate of schistosomiasis in humans and the areas with snails in 2021 to evaluate the differences among various districts and epidemic regions.
    Results By 2021, 24 counties (61.50%) in the province had achieved the elimination goal, with hilly and marsh counties reaching 82.60% and 31.30%, respectively. The seropositive rate of schistosomiasis in human was 3.51% across the province. However, the seropositive rate in marshland areas (4.77%) was significantly higher than that in hilly areas (1.23 %) (χ2=3 827.51, P<0.001). The total area with snails in the province was 84 938.32 hm2, including 82 196.86 hm2 in marshland areas and 2 741.46 hm2 in hilly areas. From 2002 to 2021, the infection rate of schistosomiasis in the humans and bovines exhibited a declining trend, with AAPC values of -48.70 and -39.70, respectively. The decline rate in the hilly areas was higher than that in marshland areas. However, the area with snail showed an upward trend (AAPC=0.50), with a growth rate of 5.80% in hilly areas, which was greater than that in marshland areas (0.40%).
    Conclusion From 2002 to 2021, the infection rate of schistosomiasis in humans and bovines in Jiangxi Province continued to decline, while the areas with snails increased. The prevention focus should still be on the marshland endemic areas, and attention should also be given to the risk of schistosomiasis in hilly endemic areas. Therefore, it is necessary to continue implementing a comprehensive prevention and control strategy that emphasizes controlling the sources of infection and adopts tailored measures based on local conditions and precise policies.

     

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