Objective To analyze the visual status and its influencing factors among preschool children in Tongzhou District.

Methods From March to August 2022， a stratified cluster sampling was used to include 2 199 preschool children as study subjects. Visual acuity examination and parental questionnaire surveys were conducted， and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for visual abnormalities.

Results The detection rate of abnormal naked-eye vision among 2 199 students was 13.60%. The rates of visual abnormalities in children aged 4， 5， and 6 were 9.02%， 18.01%， and 11.82%， respectively. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that compared with boys， children between 4 and 5 years old， children who first played with electronic products at the age of ≥4， those with good home lighting， those who often/always took a break and looked into the distance after using your eyes for 30 minutes， those who never watched TV at a distance < 2 meters， and children with parental knowledge-attitude-practice （KAP） scores above 0.7， girls （OR=1.411，95%CI： 1.095‒1.819）， children between 5 and 6 years old （OR=2.303，95%CI： 1.726‒3.071） ， children who first played with electronic products under 4 years old （OR=2.464，95%CI： 1.120‒5.424）， those with poor home lighting environment （OR=2.229，95%CI： 1.295‒3.835）， those who never （OR=1.862，95%CI：1.115‒3.110） or occasionally/ sometimes （OR=1.997，95%CI：1.268‒3.145） took a break and looked into the distance after using your eyes for 30 minutes， those who watched TV occasionally/sometimes at a distance < 2 meters （OR=1.369，95%CI： 1.011‒1.855）， and those with parental KAP scores under 0.7 （OR=1.780，95%CI： 1.005‒3.155） had a higher risk of abnormal visual acuity.

Conclusion The prevalence of abnormal visual acuity in preschool children is high， and there are multiple influencing factors. Attention should be paid to vision screening and healthy eye-use behavior education for preschool children to reduce the occurrence of visual abnormalities.