朱珠英, 王晓红, 叶芳, 朱培茜. 温州市龙湾区流动儿童国家免疫规划疫苗接种状况[J]. 上海预防医学, 2013, 25(11): 606-609,615.
引用本文: 朱珠英, 王晓红, 叶芳, 朱培茜. 温州市龙湾区流动儿童国家免疫规划疫苗接种状况[J]. 上海预防医学, 2013, 25(11): 606-609,615.
ZHU Zhu-ying, WANG Xiao-hong, YE Fang, ZHU Pei-xi. Vaccination status for national immunization program among migrant children in Longwan District of Wenzhou City[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2013, 25(11): 606-609,615.
Citation: ZHU Zhu-ying, WANG Xiao-hong, YE Fang, ZHU Pei-xi. Vaccination status for national immunization program among migrant children in Longwan District of Wenzhou City[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2013, 25(11): 606-609,615.

温州市龙湾区流动儿童国家免疫规划疫苗接种状况

Vaccination status for national immunization program among migrant children in Longwan District of Wenzhou City

  • 摘要: 目的了解温州市龙湾区流动儿童国家免疫规划(national immunization program,NIP)疫苗免疫接种状况,探讨影响流动儿童接种率的因素。方法采用PPS抽样方法,抽取30个行政村(居委会),对2009-2011年出生的366名流动儿童,入户调查NIP疫苗免疫接种状况。结果流动儿童建预防接种卡率为92.90%,建预防接种证率为99.73%,1剂卡介苗(BCG)、3剂口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(OPV)、3剂白喉-破伤风-百日咳联合疫苗(DTP)、1剂含麻疹成分疫苗(MCV)、3剂乙型肝炎疫苗(HepB)(以上简称五苗)、1剂流行性乙型脑炎疫苗(JEV)、2剂脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗(MPV)和甲型肝炎疫苗(HepA)基础免疫(初种)接种率,分别为98.09%、95.08%、92.90%、91.53%、95.36%、65.30%、74.74%和61.34%,HepB首针及时接种率为88.52%,BCG疤痕率为96.58%,五苗全程接种率为81.97%;MCV复种接种率为78.87%,DTP、JEV加强免疫接种率分别为68.04%、57.95%。不合格接种发生率为1.91%~42.05%,HepA最高,BCG最低。结论BCG、OPV、DTP、MCV、HepB基础免疫(初种)接种率均>90%,其加强免疫(复种)和JEV、MPV、HepA接种率较低,是目前流动儿童管理的薄弱环节。超期接种、未接种或未全程接种是不合格接种的主要原因。

     

    Abstract: Objective To investigate the status on vaccination for National Immunization Program (NIP) among migrant children in Longwan District of Wenzhou City, and to explore the factors that influenced the vaccination rate in migrant children. Methods By using PPS sampling method, a series of 366 migrant children who were born from January 1, 2009 to December 31,2011 were investigated for NIP vaccine immunization status by household visit in 30 towns. Results The percentage of migrant children with vaccination card and vaccination certificate were 92.90% and 99.73% respectively. Vaccination coverage rates were Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG)(98.09%), 1 Oral Poliomyelitis Attenualed Live Vaccine (OPV)(95.08%), 3 Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis Combined Vaccine (DTP)(92.90%), 1 Measles Attenuated Live Vaccine (MV)(91.53%), 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine (HepB)(95.36%), 1 Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine(JEV)(65.30%), and 2 Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine(MPV)(74.74%), Hepatitis A Vaccine(HepA)(61.34%). In addition, the coverage of HepB first doze timely vaccination was 88.52%,the scar rate of BCG was 96.58%. Five vaccines vaccination rate was 81.97%. The boosting vaccination rates of MCV,DTP,and JEV were 78.87%,68.04%,and 57.95% respectively. The incidence of unqualified vaccination were 1.91%-42.05%, the highest being that of HepA and the lowest BCG. Conclusion Basic immunization rates of BCG, OPV, DTP, MCB and HepB were higher than 90%, but their revaccinations and the vaccination rates of JEV, MPV and HepA were low, which was the weak link in management of migrant children. The main reasons for unqualified vaccination were extended vaccination, unvaccination or not full vaccination.

     

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