Epidemiological characteristics and preventive measures for Zika virus infection

Zika virus was discovered in 1947 and was believed to be epidemic only in the Asia, Europe and Africa. However, in 2015, the Zika virus was first spread to Brazil, and then to most other countries in Americas. Zika virus is a member of the Flaviviridae family and can be classified into the Asian lineage and the African lineage.Most Zika virus infections are asymptomatic, but can be neurotropic or teratogenic, giving rise to adult Guillain-Barre syndrome and neonatal microcephaly. Zika virus is primarily transmitted by mosquito-spread, besides, it can also be transmitted through blood transmission, sexual transmission, and vertical transmission.At present, the most effective measure to prevent and control the spread of Zika virus is to control Aedes.No vaccines against Zika virus have appeared on the market so far.