Effect of dietary patterns on type 2 diabetes among residents aged 35 and over in Shanghai

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of dietary patterns on type 2 diabetes among residents aged 35 and over in Shanghai.

MethodsThe data was from Shanghai Chronic Disease Surveillance (2013).The research subjects included non-diabetic residents and those who were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.Factor analysis was used to establish dietary patterns and the logistic regression model to analyze the effects of different dietary patterns on diabetes mellitus.

ResultsBy factor analysis the usual five patterns were obtained for residents aged 35 and over in Shanghai, which were as follows:animal & plant protein pattern, milk & egg & fruit & vegetable pattern, fruit juice pattern, high-fat & high-salt pattern and grain & vegetable & pork pattern.The prevalence of diabetes was the highest in high-fat & high-salt pattern.After adjusting confounding factors, logistic regression analysis was used to compare the risk of diabetes mellitus between grain & vegetable & pork pattern and other dietary patterns, and the high-fat and high-salt pattern was proved to have a higher risk(OR=1.307, 95%CI:1.088~1.571).

ConclusionRestricting salt and oil and balancing diet may play a role in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes.The dietary structure and eating habits should be adjusted according to local conditions to prevent and control the occurrence of diabetes.