Risk characteristics of chronic non-communicable diseases in high-risk groups in Shanghai

ObjectiveTo understand the risk characteristics of high-risk population of chronic disease in Shanghai， and provide theoretical basis for screening management and health intervention.

MethodsThe data from the 2013 Shanghai Non-communicable and Chronic Diseases Surveillance was used for analysis. People （aged 35 and over） who had no diagnosis of hypertension， diabetes and dyslipidemia but met the criteria for high-risk groups of chronic diseases were included in the study. Finally， 3 682 participants were included.

ResultsIn this high-risk population， 62.90% of the subjects has total serum cholesterol level of 5.2-6.2 mmol/L， 35.88% had blood pressure level of （130-139）/（85-89） mmHg， 30.50% had abdominal obesity， 27.68% were current smokers， and 8.75% had fasting blood glucose level of 6.1-7.0 mmol/L. Among the different risk characteristics， the detection rate of smoking risk in men was higher than that in women （64.51% vs. 1.49%）. On the contrary， the detection rate of waist circumference and serum total cholesterol risk in women was higher than that in men （34.90% vs. 24.31% and 72.30% vs. 49.67%， respectively）. The differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The detection rates of the five high-risk characteristics were not the same in all age groups. The detection rate of blood pressure risk was relatively low， and the cholesterol risk was relatively high in the highly educated population. The blood pressure risk was the highest among agricultural practitioners （42.26%）. The detection rate of smoking risk was the highest in rural areas （31.45%）， and the risk of cholesterol was the highest in urban areas （68.54%）. The differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Among the high-risk groups of chronic diseases in Shanghai， the distribution of high-risk characteristics in genders， ages， and occupational types were not the same and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）.

ConclusionsThe level of risk characteristics among high-risk groups of chronic diseases in Shanghai is relatively high. Relevant departments should carry out targeted health interventions for different populations to reduce the level of risk factors in high-risk groups of chronic diseases and control the potential risk of chronic diseases.