Analysis of related factors of concomitant hypertension and diabetes among rural residents in Shanghai， China

Objective To investigate the related factors of hypertension and comorbid hypertension-diabetes mellitus （HT-DM） among rural residents in Shanghai， China.

Methods A total of 2 159 residents over 35 years old were randomly selected from a rural community in the suburbs of Shanghai through cluster random sampling. Their basic sociological characteristics and blood lipid levels were investigated. Chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between hypertension （or HT-DM） and gender， age， education levels， marital status， original household registration and current household registration. The relationship between hypertension （or HT-DM） and blood lipid level was analyzed by a conditional logistic regression model.

Results The prevalence of hypertension was 26.35% and that of HT-DM was 4.68% in the study population. Chi-square test analysis showed that hypertension was significantly associated with age， marital status， educational level， and rural household registration， while HT-DM was significantly associated with age， educational level， and rural household registration. Chi-square trend analysis indicated that the prevalence of hypertension and HT-DM increased with age in both male and female populations （χ²=129.82， 193.04，both P<0.001， and χ²=9.29， 40.57， both P<0.01）. The unconditional logistic regression analysis indicated that the lower level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） and higher level of triglyceride （TG） were associated with an increased the risk of hypertension by 2.79 times and 2.06 times， respectively. The lower level of HDL-C increased risk of HT-DM by 4.21 times.

Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in the rural population in Shanghai is relatively high. Age， education level， rural household registration and HDL-C are common related factors of hypertension and HT-DM.