One case of recurrence of imported falciparum malaria in Pudong New Area of Shanghai

ObjectiveTo investigate the onset and treatment for the case of recurrent imported falciparum malaria, and to ascertain its causes and effective treatment so as to promote elimination of malaria.

MethodsOn the basis of investigation of the epidemiological case, we collected data from hospital. Shanghai CDC made blood smears for microscopic examination of Plasmodium falciparum, RDT and nested PCR were used to detect Plasmodium falciparum.

ResultsThe patient had a clear history of multiple trips to Africa and Southeast Asia, suffering from typical malaria symptoms such as chills, hyperthermia and fever. The lab tests of the RDT, blood smears and nested PCR were Plasmodium falciparum positive. The patient was diagnosed with imported falciparum malaria with first onset on December 19, 2016. After treatment with Artesunate, the body temperature became normal but 3 weeks later the patient had recurrence. After continuing treatment with Artesunate, the body temperature was normal again. This was the second time the patient had the disease and after combined use of antimalaria drugs, was cured.

ConclusionThe proportion of imported falciparum malaria is rising year by year with increase in recurrence cases, which severely threatens patients′ lives. To strengthen management of imported malaria, eradicate the source of infection and prevent its spread has become the main task at the current stage of malaria elimination.