Research advances in relationship between tumor immunotherapy and gut microbiota

Tumor immunotherapy is the fourth major treatment for cancer, following surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy.Gut microbiota affects the anti-tumor effect and immune-related complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive T-cell therapy, which is mainly related to the activation and balance regulation of the immune system.Specific strains can be used as a biomarker for predicting the outcome, and the intervention of gut microbiome such as bacterial agents and fecal microbiota transplantation are expected to become adjuvant therapies.In-depth clarification of the mechanism of gut microbiota affecting immunotherapy and its feasibility, safety and effectiveness as an immunopotentiator, and finally the development of personalized programs for different cancer patients is the direction of future research.