Objective To determine the risk factors associated with colorectal adenoma among the residents in Nanchang city， and provide scientific evidence for primary preventive measures against colorectal cancer.
Methods A matched case-control study was conducted. A total of 155 patients newly diagnosed with colorectal adenomas during 2018‒2019 were selected as cases， and 155 healthy persons attending the screening as controls. Both the case group and control group completed the questionnaires on the risk factors. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0.
Results Age， gender， and educational level were used for match between case group and control group. Conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that salted and dried food intake（OR=5.634， 95%CI：1.308‒24.256）， smoking（OR=3.266， 95%CI：1.419‒7.518）， passive smoking（OR=3.125，95%CI：1.415‒6.898）， and hyperlipidemia （OR=3.975， 95%CI：1.643‒9.618）were associated with higher risk of colorectal adenoma. In contrast， coarse grain intake ≥500 g/week （OR=0.377， 95%CI：0.177‒0.805） was a protective factor.
Conclusion Colorectal adenoma may be caused by multiple risk factors， particularly salted and dried food intake， smoking， passive smoking and hyperlipidemia. It warrants specific intervention to reduce the risk of colorectal adenoma.
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