The intervention effect of precise health education on the knowledge, attitude and behavior of patients with hypertension at different disease stages

Objective：To explore the application effect of precise health education on the knowledge, attitude and behavior of hypertensive patients in the community with different disease courses, and to provide scientific basis for the community to carry out targeted hypertension health management. Method: From October to December 2023, 1268 research subjects were randomly selected in stages and then randomly divided into two groups: the control group with 634 cases and the intervention group with 634 cases. The intervention group received a 6-month precision health education program (providing personalized and different frequency content knowledge to different subjects), while the control group received routine health education (including leaflets, posters, lectures, etc.). Questionnaire surveys were conducted for both groups at the baseline and 6 months after the intervention (the end point). The hypertension knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire was designed and scored. Patients were divided into short disease course group (≤ 5 years), medium disease course group (6 - 10 years), and long disease course group (≥ 11 years) based on the duration of the disease. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the knowledge, attitude, and practice of patients before and after the intervention in patients with different disease courses. Results: A total of 1268 cases were investigated, including 599 males and 669 females. In the intervention group, the effective rates of precise health education intervention for patients with short-term, medium-term, and long-term diseases were 86.16% (137/159), 57.14% (80/142), and 59.46% (198/333) respectively, and the total effective rate was 65.46%. The hypertension knowledge score of patients in the short disease course intervention group increased from (6.91±2.88) points to (9.58±2.15) points, and the medication compliance score increased from (8.80±2.34) points to (9.54±1.02) points. Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the total scores of knowledge, belief, and practice between the control group and the intervention group (t = -1.89, P = 0.059); after the intervention, there was a statistically significant difference in the total scores of knowledge, belief, and practice between the control group and the intervention group (t = -3.74, P < 0.001). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the control group, the proportion of patients with short disease courses in the intervention group who had effective intervention was higher (OR = 3.113, 95% CI: 1.596 - 6.069), that is, after controlling other factors, the final effective rate of patients in the intervention group was higher than that of the control group, indicating that the precise health education was effective. Conclusion: Precision health education has certain intervention effects on the knowledge, attitude and practice of short-course hypertensive patients in community management, but the intervention effects on medium and long-course hypertensive patients are not good, and the intervention strategies still need to be optimized.