Objective To investigate the status of health literacy of child rearing among caregivers of 0‒3 year-old children and analyze its determinants in Minhang District， Shanghai to provide scientific evidence for further promoting health literacy of caregivers.

Methods The caregivers of 0‒3 year-old children were randomly selected and investigated using a questionnaire of health literacy in 13 community health care centers of Minhang District from March 2020 to April 2021.

Results A total of 2819 valid questionnaires were collected. The total score of health literacy of child rearing for caregivers were 159.2±23.1 （full score being 200.0）. The score of physical health literacy and mental health literacy were 80.0±10.2 and 79.1±15.1， respectively （full score being 100.0）. The proportions of health literacy in the caregivers were： scarce 3.1%， insufficient 7.6%， good 47.2%， and excellent 42.1%. The multivariate ordinal Logistic regression model showed the following were independent determinants： always （OR=5.90） or often （OR=3.55） choosing information from professional approach like hospital to guide children rearing，mother （OR=4.98） or father （OR=3.95） being caregivers， easy access to children rearing information （OR=4.50）， mother education degree being master and above （OR=3.10） or junior college， undergraduate （OR=2.14）， father education degree being junior college， undergraduate （OR=1.59） or master and above （OR=1.53）， single child （OR=1.37）， household registration being Shanghai （OR=1.37）. All caregivers with the above factors showed more superior health literacy.

Conclusion The level of health literacy of child rearing among caregivers of 0‒3 year-old children in Minhang District has a good level of health literacy. Targeted health education should be strengthened for caregivers of children in the future.