朱心红, 吴因平, 杨秀玲, 董选军. 义乌市2021年家养动物寄生蜱监测结果分析[J]. 上海预防医学, 2022, 34(9): 917-921. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.21927
引用本文: 朱心红, 吴因平, 杨秀玲, 董选军. 义乌市2021年家养动物寄生蜱监测结果分析[J]. 上海预防医学, 2022, 34(9): 917-921. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.21927
ZHU Xinhong, WU Yinping, YANG Xiuling, DONG Xuanjun. Monitoring of ticks parasitic on domestic animals in Yiwu City in 2021[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 34(9): 917-921. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.21927
Citation: ZHU Xinhong, WU Yinping, YANG Xiuling, DONG Xuanjun. Monitoring of ticks parasitic on domestic animals in Yiwu City in 2021[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 34(9): 917-921. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.21927

义乌市2021年家养动物寄生蜱监测结果分析

Monitoring of ticks parasitic on domestic animals in Yiwu City in 2021

  • 摘要:
    目的 了解浙江省义乌市家养动物寄生蜱情况。
    方法 于2021年对义乌市家养动物寄生蜱进行监测、鉴定及分析。
    结果 共监测452只家养动物,寄生蜱阳性306只,阳性率67.70%,捕获蜱2 603只,蜱指数5.76,隶属于生蜱1科4属10种,长角血蜱为优势蜱种(占59.16%),其次为镰形扇头蜱(26.32%)、微小扇头蜱(6.45%)。各种家养动物寄生蜱阳性率、蜱指数、蜱虫种类数依次为:山羊(74.37%、7.45、7种)、黄牛(62.50%、4.14、6种)、犬(54.62%、2.59、8种)。单只家养动物寄生≥2种蜱种的动物主要是山羊(25.99%)、掺和多重寄生蜱种以长角血蜱(91.26%)最多。山羊优势蜱种为长角血蜱(65.15%)及镰形扇头蜱(29.42%);黄牛优势蜱虫为微小扇头蜱(67.67%)及镰形扇头蜱(20.69%),犬优势蜱种为长角血蜱(57.14%)及豪猪血蜱(21.10%)。山羊、黄牛、犬3种家养动物蜱指数随季节变化其变化趋势也有所不同,山羊与犬蜱指数同长角血蜱消长呈一致,均为3月份为主高峰,9、10月份为次高峰;黄牛蜱指数与微小扇头蜱消长一致,有4月份、8—9月份2个高峰。幼蜱、若蜱、成蜱均有捕获,以若蜱为多,存在单只动物重叠寄生同种不同虫态蜱虫现象,山羊占比较高,其中以长角血蜱多见。
    结论 义乌市家养动物寄生蜱较为普遍,蜱种类较多,以长角血蜱为优势蜱虫,危害较大,应引起重视。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To determine the prevalence of ticks parasitic on domestic animals in Yiwu City of Zhejiang Province.
    Methods We monitored, identified and analyzed ticks parasitic on domestic animals in Yiwu in 2021.
    Results A total of 452 domestic animals were monitored, of which 306 were infected with ticks, suggesting a prevalence of 67.70%. A total of 2,603 ticks were captured, and the tick index was determined to be 5.76. The ticks were identified to belong to one family, four genera, and 10 species. Haemaphysalis longicornis was the dominant tick (59.16%),followed by Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides (26.32%) and Rhipicephalus microplus (6.45%). Prevalence of ticks, tick index, and number of tick species were listed for domestic animals as follows: goats (74.37%, 7.45, 7 species), yellow cattle (62.50%, 4.14,6 species), and dogs (54.62%, 2.59, 8 species). Moreover, goat was the main domestic animal infected with more than two tick species (25.99%); H.longicornis (91.26%) was the species with most repated infections. The dominant species of ticks were H.longicornis (65.15%) and R.haemaphysaloides (29.42%) in goats, R.microplus (67.67%) and R.haemaphysaloides (20.69%) in yellow cattle, and H.longicornis (57.14%) and Haemaphysalis porcupines (21.10%) in dogs. However, seasonal fluctuation in tick index differed among goats, yellow cattle and dogs. The fluctuation in tick index in goats and dogs was consistent with that of H.longicornis, with a major peak in March and the minor peaks in September and October. The fluctuation in tick index in yellow cattle was consistent with that of R.microplus, with two peaks in April and August-September. In addition, larval ticks, nymphal ticks and adult ticks were caught in this study, among which nymphal ticks were most common. We found that single domestic animals were infected with ticks of the same species and different stages, which was more common in goats and those animals infected with H.longicornis.
    Conclusion Ticks parasitic on domestic animals are common in Yiwu. Multiple species of ticks have been identified, with H.longicornis as the dominant species. It warrants further monitoring and countermeasures.

     

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