妊娠中期孕妇25-羟维生素D水平及其影响因素

Analysis of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and their influencing factors in mid-pregnancy women

  • 摘要:
    目的 探究妊娠中期孕妇体内25⁃羟维生素D[25(OH)D]水平及其影响因素,为改善孕妇抗体中维生素D缺乏状况提供依据。
    方法 选取2022年2月—2023年2月在天津市滨海新区妇幼保健计划生育服务中心接受正常孕期检查的220例妊娠中期孕妇为研究对象,收集孕妇的临床基本资料。将25(OH)D水平≥30 μg·L-1定义为25(OH)D充足,25(OH)D水平<30 μg·L-1为25(OH)D不足。应用单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析探究孕妇25(OH)D水平变化的影响因素。
    结果 妊娠中期孕妇25(OH)D充足和不足比例分别为15.9%(35/220)和84.1%(185/220)。单因素分析显示,妊娠中期孕妇25(OH)D水平与孕妇年龄、采血季节、每周户外活动时长,以及孕期是否偏食、补充钙剂、复合维生素和是否主动或被动吸烟有关,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥35岁(OR=6.242,95%CI:2.501~15.426,P<0.001)、偏食(OR=1.091,95%CI:1.034~1.150,P<0.001)、主动或被动吸烟(OR=1.217,95%CI:1.084~3.563,P<0.001)、冬季(OR=2.196,95%CI:1.593~3.024,P<0.001)时,孕妇更容易发生25(OH)D不足;每周室外活动时长≥10 h(OR=3.406,95%CI:1.818~5.386,P<0.001)、补充钙剂(OR=1.811,95%CI:1.052~3.116,P=0.032)和补充复合维生素(OR=3.662,95%CI:1.864~5.386,P<0.001)的孕妇发生25(OH)D不足风险相对较低(P<0.05)。
    结论 妊娠中期孕妇体内25(OH)D不足发生率较高,主要与孕妇年龄、采血季节、孕妇每周户外活动时长、偏食、补充复合维生素等因素相关,妊娠期女性有必要进行25(OH)D水平筛查,并采取必要的医学干预和相应知识宣传教育。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To investigate the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] and its influencing factors in women during mid-pregnancy, and to provide an evidence for improving the vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women.
    Methods A total of 220 pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy who underwent regular prenatal examinations at the Tianjin Binhai New Area Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center from February 2022 to February 2023 were selected as the research subjects. Basic clinical data of the pregnant women were collected. A 25 (OH) D level of ≥30 μg·L-1 was considered sufficient, while a level of <30 μg·L-1 was considered insufficient. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the factors influencing changes of 25 (OH) D levels in pregnant women.
    Results The proportion of mid-pregnancy women with sufficient and insufficient 25 (OH) D levels were 15.9% (35/220) and 84.1% (185/220), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that 25 (OH) D level in mid-pregnancy women was associated with maternal age, season of blood collection, weekly duration of outdoor activities, dietary preferences, calcium supplementation, multivitamin supplementation, and passive or active smoking, and all the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that women aged ≥35 years (OR=6.242, 95%CI: 2.501‒15.426, P<0.001), with dietary preferences (OR=1.091, 95%CI: 1.034‒1.150, P<0.001), and those who smoked or were exposed to passive smoking (OR=1.217, 95%CI: 1.084‒3.563, P<0.001), or during winter (OR=2.196, 95%CI: 1.593‒3.024, P<0.001) were more likely to have 25 (OH) D deficiency. Conversely, women engaged in ≥10 hours of outdoor activities per week (OR=3.406, 95%CI: 1.818‒5.386, P<0.001), supplemented with calcium (OR=1.811, 95%CI: 1.052‒3.116, P=0.032), and supplemented with multivitamins (OR=3.662, 95%CI: 1.864‒5.386, P<0.001) had a relatively lower risk of 25 (OH) D deficiency. The difference was statistically significant.
    Conclusion The incidence of 25 (OH) D deficiency is high in mid-pregnancy women and is primarily associated with maternal age, season of blood collection, weekly duration of outdoor activities, dietary preferences, and supplementation of multivitamins. It is necessary to conduct 25 (OH) D level screening and provide necessary medical interventions and corresponding educational programs for pregnant women.

     

/

返回文章
返回