<b>2002</b>—<b>2022</b>年上海市崇明区居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病死亡特征及趋势

孙晓蕾; 吴函; 史爱玉; 邓慧; 徐燕; 杨群娣

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2024.23871

2002—2022年上海市崇明区居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病死亡特征及趋势

Characteristics and trends of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease deaths among residents in Chongming District， Shanghai from 2002 to 2022

摘要

摘要:
目的研究2002—2022年上海市崇明区户籍居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）死亡水平、人群分布特征及变化趋势，为精准防控COPD提供科学依据。
方法 COPD死亡数据来自崇明区死亡登记报告信息系统，计算户籍居民COPD的粗死亡率、标化死亡率、年龄别死亡率及早死概率等指标。采用Joinpoint 5.0.2软件计算年度变化百分比（APC）和平均年度变化百分比（AAPC），并进行趋势分析。
结果 2002—2022年崇明区居民COPD年均粗死亡率和年均标化死亡率分别为73.49/10万和34.00/10万，男性均高于女性。崇明区≤69、70~和80~岁年龄段居民COPD粗死亡率分别为6.78/10万、218.28/10万和1 042.77/10万。全人群、男性和女性COPD标化死亡率均呈下降趋势（全人群：AAPC=-9.75%；男性：AAPC=-9.06%；女性：AAPC=-12.25%；P<0.001）；≤69、70~和80~岁居民COPD粗死亡率呈下降趋势（≤69岁：AAPC=-7.51%；70~岁：AAPC=-9.89%；80~岁：AAPC=-8.85%；P<0.001）。COPD早死概率由2002年1.45%降至2022年0.08%。
结论 2002—2022年上海市崇明区户籍居民COPD死亡率和早死概率均呈下降趋势，男性死亡率下降速度低于女性，高龄老年人是主要死亡人群，应针对重点人群采取有针对性的干预措施，降低COPD死亡率。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the status, characteristics of population distribution and trends of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) deaths among the registered residents in Chongming District, Shanghai from 2002 to 2022, and to provide a scientific basis for precise prevention and control of COPD.
Methods COPD death data were obtained from the Shanghai Chongming District Death Surveillance System, and indicators such as crude mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, mortality rate by age group, and probability of premature death were calculated for the registered residents with COPD. Joinpoint 5.0.2 software was adopted to analyze the annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC), followed by an analysis of trend changes.
Results From 2002 to 2022, the average annual crude mortality rate and average annual standardized mortality rate of COPD among the residents of Chongming District were 73.49/100 000 and 34.00/100 000, respectively, and both were higher in males than those in females. The crude mortality rate of COPD among the residents aged ≤69 years in Chongming District was 6.78/100 000, followed by 218.28/100 000 in the age group of ≥70 years and 1 042.77/100 000 in the age group of ≥80 years, respectively. The standardized mortality rates for the whole population (AAPC=-9.75%), males (AAPC=-9.06%) , and females (AAPC=-12.25%) all showed a downward trend (all P<0.001). In addition, there was a decreasing trend in the crude mortality rates for the residents aged ≤69 years (AAPC=-7.51%), aged ≥70 years (AAPC=-9.89%), and aged ≥80 years (AAPC=-8.85%) (all P<0.001). Furthermore, the probability of premature death of COPD decreased from 1.45% in 2002 to 0.08% in 2022.
Conclusion The mortality rate and probability of early premature death of COPD among the registered residents in Chongming District, Shanghai from 2002 to 2022 show a downward trend, and the mortality rate of declining in males is slower than that in females. The elderly with advanced age account for the highest number of deaths. Therefore, targeted intervention measures should be taken for key groups to reduce the mortality rate of COPD.

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