<b>2017</b>—<b>2022</b>年浙江省宁波市海曙区结直肠癌发病、死亡趋势和减寿分析

沈颖卓; 陈洁; 张佩玲

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2025.24224

2017—2022年浙江省宁波市海曙区结直肠癌发病、死亡趋势和减寿分析

Trends in incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer and related life loss in Haishu District， Ningbo of Zhejiang Province， 2017‒2022

摘要

摘要:
目的了解2017—2022年浙江省宁波市海曙区结直肠癌发病及死亡变化趋势和减寿情况，为结直肠癌防治工作提供参考依据。
方法通过宁波市数字疾控平台收集2017—2022年海曙区居民结直肠癌发病和死亡资料，计算结直肠癌发病（死亡）率、年龄别率、潜在减寿年数（PYLL）、潜在减寿年数率（PYLLR）、平均减寿年数（AYLL）等指标，采用2010年全国第六次人口普查的标准人口进行标化，采用Joinpoint软件计算年度变化百分比（APC）。
结果 2017—2022年海曙区累计报告新发结直肠癌2 595例，粗发病率为68.23/10万，标化发病率为39.72/10万，发病率和标化发病率均无明显变化趋势（APC=2.288%、-0.160%，均P>0.05）；报告结直肠癌死亡898例，粗死亡率为23.61/10万，标化死亡率为12.18/10万，其中男性粗死亡率、标化死亡率呈上升趋势（APC=10.855%、7.895%，均P<0.05）；男性粗发病（死亡）率均高于女性（均P<0.05）。海曙区结直肠癌粗发病（死亡）率随年龄增长呈上升趋势（均P<0.05）。结直肠癌所致PYLL为7 818.52人年，AYLL为8.71年，PYLLR为2.06‰。
结论海曙区结直肠癌发病率和死亡率仍较高。应继续开展结直肠癌筛查，普及相关健康知识，推动结直肠癌早期筛查、早期诊断的意识，提高患者生存率。

Abstract:
Objective To analyze the trend of incidence, mortality rate and related life loss of colorectal cancer in Haishu District, Ningbo from 2017 to 2022, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.
Methods The incidence and death data of colorectal cancer among residents in Haishu District during 2017‒2022 were collected from the Ningbo Municipal Digital Disease Prevention and Control Platform. The incidence and mortality rate, the age-specific incidence and mortality rate, potential years of life lost (PYLL), potential years of life lost rate (PYLLR), and average years of life lost (AYLL) were calculated. The standardized rate was calculated based on the standardized population from the Sixth National Census in 2010, and the annual percentage change (APC) was calculated by Joinpoint Regression Program.
Results A total of 2 595 cases of colorectal cancer were reported in Haishu District from 2017 to 2022, with a crude incidence rate of 68.23/100 000 and a standardized incidence rate of 39.72/100 000. There were no statistical differences in crude and standardized incidence rates(APC=2.288%, -0.160%,both P>0.05). In addition, a total of 898 colorectal cancer deaths were reported, with a crude mortality rate of 23.61/100 000 and a standardized mortality rate of 12.18/100 000, of which the crude mortality rate and standardized mortality rate of males showed an upward trend (APC=10.855%, 7.895%, both P<0.05). Furthermore, the crude incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer in males were higher than those in females (both P<0.05). The crude incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer in Haishu District showed an increasing trend by age (both P<0.05). PYLL caused by colorectal cancer was 7 818.52 person-years, and AYLL was 8.71 years, with a PYLLR of 2.06‰.
Conclusion The incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer in Haishu District are still at a high level. Colorectal cancer screening should be continued, relevant health knowledge should be facilitated and disseminated, awareness of early screening and diagnosis of colorectal cancer should be promoted, and ultimately improving the survival rate of the patients.

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