两种方式的间歇禁食对成年人餐后血脂代谢的作用

Effects of two intermittent fasting strategies on postprandial lipid metabolism in adults

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 为了探究早间禁食和晚间禁食对餐后脂质应答的影响及潜在机制，基于一项随机交叉试验的二次分析评估不同禁食方式对上海市社区居民餐后脂代谢的影响。
    方法 受试者（n=23）参加一项随机交叉试验，包括2个干预日：早间禁食、晚间禁食，干预日之间包括6 d的洗脱期。应用两因素方差分析检验禁食下一餐餐前餐后总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL⁃C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL⁃C）、昼夜节律基因相对表达量的差异，使用Wilcoxon秩和检验分析两组间差异代谢物，应用主成分分析、正交偏最小二乘判别分析评估代谢物区分早间禁食与晚间禁食的能力及重要差异代谢物，使用调整了年龄、性别、体重指数的偏相关分析与血浆脂质相关的差异代谢物，并进行代谢通路富集分析。
    结果 晚间禁食后，空腹TG水平［（0.37±0.29） mmol·L-1与（0.27±0.18 ） mmol·L-1］、TC和LDL⁃C餐前餐后变化值［TC：（2.74±0.47） mmol·L-1与（2.51±0.27） mmol·L-1；LDL⁃C：（1.32±0.38） mmol·L-1与（0.99±0.27） mmol·L-1］明显低于早间禁食（P<0.05）；空腹LDL⁃C和TG变化值明显高于早间禁食［LDL⁃C：（0.89±0.37） mmol·L-1与（1.14±0.37） mmol·L-1；TG：（1.14±0.19） mmol·L-1与（1.28±0.17） mmol·L-1，P<0.05］；禁食后，AMPK、CRY1、CLOCK、MTNR1B、AANAT以及ASMT的相对表达量与血浆脂质变化量相关（P<0.05），其中CLOCK和AANAT在晚间禁食后上调，而在早间禁食后下调；217种重要差异代谢物中共有111种代谢物与血浆脂质相关，主要富集于半胱氨酸和甲硫氨酸代谢通路（P<0.05）。
    结论 相较于早间禁食，晚间禁食更能改善餐后脂质应答，建议禁食窗口选择晚间，有助于成年人心血管疾病预防。同时，提示早间禁食和晚间禁食可能通过昼夜节律振荡以及半胱氨酸和甲硫氨酸代谢通路影响脂质应答。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of morning and evening fasting on postprandial lipid responses, a post hoc analysis based on a crossover randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the effects of different fasting strategies on postprandial lipid metabolism in community residents in Shanghai.
    Methods A total of 23 participants took part in a randomized crossover trial involving two intervention days: morning fasting and evening fasting, with a washout period of 6 days between intervention days. Two-way analysis of variance was used to test the differences in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and the relative expression of circadian clock genes before and after the next meal under fasting. Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to analyze the different metabolites between the two groups. Principal component analysis and Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were conducted to evaluate the ability of metabolites to differentiate between morning fasting and evening fasting and identify the important differential metabolites. After adjusting for age, sex, and BMI, a partial correlation analysis was performed to identify metabolites associated with plasma lipids. In addition, important metabolites associated with plasma lipids were computed by pathway enrichment analysis.
    Results After evening fasting intervention, fasting TG level (0.37±0.29) vs (0.27±0.18) mmol·L-1, fasting and postprandial change values in TC (2.74±0.47) vs (2.51±0.27) mmol·L-1 and LDL-C (1.32±0.38) vs (0.99±0.27) mmol·L-1 were significantly lower than those after morning fasting (P<0.05). While, change values of fasting LDL-C (0.89±0.37) vs (1.14±0.37) mmol·L-1 and TG (1.14±0.19) vs (1.28±0.17) mmol·L-1 were significantly higher than those after morning fasting intervention (P<0.05). After fasting intervention, the relative expression of AMPK, CRY1, CLOCK, MTNR1B, AANAT, and ASMT was correlated with the amount of plasma lipid changes (P<0.05). Specifically, CLOCK and AANAT were upregulated following evening fasting and downregulated after morning fasting. Among the 217 important differential metabolites, 111 were correlated with plasma lipids, and which were primarily enriched in the cysteine and methionine metabolism pathways (P<0.05).
    Conclusion Compared to morning fasting, evening fasting was more effective in improving postprandial lipid responses, indicating that an evening fasting window during intermittent fasting could be conducive to cardiovascular disease prevention in adults. Meanwhile, it is suggested that morning and evening fasting may affect lipid responses through circadian rhythm oscillations and the cysteine and methionine metabolism pathways.

     

    • HTML全文
    • 参考文献(26)
    • 相关文章
    • 施引文献
  • 资源附件(0)

/

返回文章
返回
知道创宇云防御