Objective To analyze the current status and differences of willingness to undergo lung cancer screening among high-risk community-based populations in Jiading District of Shanghai, so as to precisely identify the high-risk community-based populations willing to participate in lung cancer screening.

Methods From May to October 2024, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select high-risk individuals from 13 communities in Jiading District, Shanghai, for a survey on lung cancer screening willingness. The National Cancer Screening Survey Form was revised to collect general demographic information (age, gender, educational level, marital status, etc.), basic medical insurance type, history of lung cancer, family history of lung cancer and screening willingness. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors influencing the willingness of high-risk populations to undergo lung cancer screening.

Results A total of 1 341 participants were included in the study, with an average age of (64.55±6.02) years. Among them, 48.62% were females, 75.62% with an educational level of junior high school or above, 98.06% were married, 9.40% had a family history of lung cancer, and 5.22% had a history of lung cancer in previous screening. Overall, a total of 1 195 participants expressed a willingness to undergo lung cancer screening, yielding a screening willingness rate of 89.11%. Multivariate analyses revealed that, compared to those with an educational level below junior high school, retired individuals, and those with an average monthly income of 5 000‒20 000 yuan in the past year, participants with an educational level of junior high school or above (OR=1.990, 95%CI: 1.319‒2.981), those currently employed (OR=2.210, 95%CI: 1.234‒4.232), and those with an average monthly income below 3 000 yuan (OR=2.528, 95%CI: 1.324‒4.877) had a significantly higher willingness to undergo screening.

Conclusion High-risk community-based populations in Jiading District of Shanghai demonstrate a high willingness to undergo lung cancer screening. Specifically, individuals with a relatively higher educational level, lower income level, and those currently under employment exhibit a higher willingness to undergo lung cancer screening. It is recommended to strengthen health education on lung cancer screening-related knowledge among those with lower educational levels, middle-to-high income levels, and those currently unemployed to enhance their willingness to undergo lung cancer screening, thereby achieving early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.