<b>1990</b>—<b>2021</b>年中国儿童青少年跌倒疾病负担变化趋势

郭世鸿; 李治晓; 黄莉华; 石原芳; 潘娜; 蒙婷婷; 冯乐平; 郭存

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2026.250478

1990—2021年中国儿童青少年跌倒疾病负担变化趋势

Trends in the disease burden of falls among Chinese children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021

摘要

摘要:
目的了解1990—2021年中国儿童青少年跌倒疾病负担的变化趋势，为防控策略的制定提供参考依据。
方法基于全球疾病负担研究（GBD）2021年数据库，系统提取1990—2021年中国<20岁儿童青少年跌倒的标化发病率、标化死亡率、标化伤残调整生命年（DALYs）率等资料。通过计算年度变化百分比（APC）、平均年度变化百分比（AAPC），评估不同年龄、性别儿童青少年跌倒疾病负担变化趋势。
结果 1990—2021年中国儿童青少年跌倒标化发病率呈非线性波动（AAPC=0.08%，P=0.040），标化死亡率和标化DALYs率均下降（AAPC为-3.66%、-3.09%，均P<0.001）。<5岁、5~<10岁组粗发病率呈下降趋势（AAPC为-1.38%、-0.29%，均P<0.001），10~<15岁、15~<20岁组粗发病率则逐年递增（AAPC为0.27%、0.81%，均P<0.001）；4个年龄组的粗死亡率及粗DALYs率均一致下降，其中<5岁组的降幅最为明显（AAPC=-5.21%，95%CI：-5.55%~-5.00%；AAPC=-4.98%，95%CI：-5.20%~-4.79%，均P<0.001）。男女性跌倒标化发病率均呈先降后升的V型转折趋势，标化死亡率、标化DALYs率均下降（男性死亡率AAPC=-3.40%、DALYs率AAPC=-2.94%，女性死亡率AAPC=-4.50%、DALYs率AAPC=-3.49%，均P<0.001）。
结论中国儿童青少年跌倒所致的总体疾病负担已获得明显改善，但发病负担依然沉重。未来防控应立足年龄与性别的差异化特征，以家庭照护为最小单元，融合优质护理延伸服务，形成“早期识别⁃即时干预⁃持续随访”的闭环管理模式。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the trends in the disease burden of falls among Chinese children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021, and to inform the development of targeted prevention and control strategies.
Methods Data on age-standardized incidence rate, age-standardized mortality rate and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate for falls among Chinese children and adolescents under 20 years of age from 1990 to 2021 were systematically extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 database. The annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) were calculated to evaluate temporal trends in fall-related disease burden across different age groups and sexes.
Results From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized incidence rate of falls among Chinese children and adolescents showed a non-linear fluctuation (AAPC=0.08%, P=0.040), while both the age-standardized mortality rate and age-standardized DALYs rate declined (AAPC=-3.66% and -3.09%, both P<0.001). The crude incidence rate decreased in the <5 years old and 5 ‒ <10 years old groups (AAPC=-1.38% and -0.29%, both P<0.001), but increased annually in the 10 ‒ <15 years old and 15 ‒ <20 years old groups (AAPC=0.27% and 0.81%, both P<0.001). The crude mortality rate and crude DALYs rate declined across all four age groups, with the most significant reduction observed in the <5 years old group (AAPC=-5.21%, 95%CI:-5.55%‒ -5.00%; AAPC=-4.98%, 95%CI: -5.20%‒ -4.79%, both P<0.001). For both males and females, the age-standardized incidence rate of falls showed a V-shaped trend (initial decline followed by a subsequent rise). In contrast, the age-standardized mortality rate and age-standardized DALY rate declined in both sexes, with an AAPC of -3.40% and -2.94% for males, and -4.50% and -3.49% for females, respectively (all P<0.001).
Conclusion The overall disease burden of falls among Chinese children and adolescents has been substantially improved; however, the incidence burden remains considerable. Future prevention efforts should be tailored to age- and sex-specific characteristics, with the family as the fundamental care unit in conjunction with high-quality nursing extension services, to establish a closed-loop management model encompassing “early identification, immediate intervention, and continuous follow-up.”

HTML全文

参考文献(27)

施引文献

资源附件(0)