2014—2023年温州市户籍居民胃癌发病趋势分析

Analyses on the incidence trend of gastric cancer in registered residents in Wenzhou from 2014 to 2023

  • 摘要:目的】 分析2014—2023年浙江省温州市居民胃癌发病趋势,为制定胃癌防控措施提供科学依据。
    方法】 通过温州市慢性病监测管理信息系统收集2014—2023年温州市胃癌发病资料进行分析,登记覆盖温州市所有县(市、区)和全部户籍人口,按照性别及年龄段进行分组。计算胃癌粗发病率,中国人口标化率(中标率),世界人口标化率(世标率)和35~64岁截缩率以及0~74岁累积发病率等指标,采用平均年均变化百分比(AAPC)分析胃癌发病趋势。
    结果】 2014—2023年温州市胃癌粗发病率为34.13/10万,居恶性肿瘤发病顺位第4位。历年无变化趋势(AAPC=-0.327%,P>0.05),ASRC、ASRW分别为20.16/10万、19.80/10万,均呈下降趋势(AAPC=-3.227%、-3.235%,P<0.05),35~64岁截缩率为26.40/10万,0~74岁累积发病率为5.61%。男性胃癌粗发病率、中标率、世标率、35~64岁截缩率和0~74岁累积发病率均高于女性。2014—2023年男性、女性胃癌粗发病率未呈现时间变化趋势(均P>0.05),中标率、世标率呈现下降趋势(男性:AAPC=-3.427%、-3.496%,均P<0.05;女性:AAPC=-2.184%、-2.099%,均P<0.05)。胃癌年龄别发病率随年龄增加呈现上升趋势,45岁后胃癌粗发病率明显上升,80~<85岁达到高峰,之后下降。15~<45岁、45~<55岁居民胃癌粗发病率呈下降趋势(AAPC=-4.622%、-3.147%,均P<0.05),55~<65岁、65~岁未呈现变化趋势(AAPC=-1.487%、1.315%,均P>0.05)。发病部位主要集中在胃窦、胃体及贲门。
    结论】 2014—2023年温州市胃癌粗发病率保持稳定,但标化发病率呈现下降趋势;男性、中老年人发病风险更高。应针对危险因素进行干预,加强幽门螺杆菌感染的筛查与根除治疗,以及胃癌的早期筛查,降低胃癌的发病率。

     

    Abstract: Objective To analyze the trend of gastric cancer incidence in registered residents in Wenzhou of Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2023 and provide the scientific basis for gastric cancer prevention and control. Methods The data of gastric cancer that met the requirements were collected and analyzed through the Wenzhou Chronic Disease Monitoring and Management information System from 2014 to 2023. The registration covered all counties (cities and districts) and all registered residents in Wenzhou City and was grouped by gender and age. The crude incidence rate, age-standardized incidence rates by China age-standardized rate (ASRC) and by world age-standardized rate (ASRW), truncated age-standardized incidence rate (35-64 years) and cumulative rate (0-74 years old) were calculated. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) was used to analyze the incidence of gastric cancer. Results From 2014 to 2023, the crude incidence rate of gastric cancer in Wenzhou was 34.13/105, ranking the 4th in the incidence sequence of malignant tumors. There was no changing trend over the years (AAPC=-0.327%, P>0.05). The ASRC and ASRW of gastric cancer were 20.16/105 and 19.80/105, respectively, both showing a downward trend (AAPC= -3.227%, -3.235%, P <0.05). The truncated age-standardized incidence rate (35-64 years) was 26.40/105 and the cumulative rate (0-74 years old) was 5.61%. The crude incidence rate, ASRC, ASRW, truncated age-standardized incidence rate (35-64 years) and cumulative rate (0-74 years old) of gastric cancer in men were all higher than those in women. From 2014 to 2023, the crude incidence rates of gastric cancer in both men and women did not show a time-varying trend (both P> 0.05), while the ASRC and ASRW showed a downward trend (for men: AAPC=-3.427%, -3.496%, both P<0.05; for women: AAPC=-2.184%, -2.099%, both P<0.05). The age-specific incidence rate of gastric cancer showed an upward trend with the increase of age. The crude incidence rate of gastric cancer increased significantly after the age of 45 and reached a peak in the age group of 80 to < 85 years old, and then decreased. The crude incidence rates of gastric cancer among residents in the age groups of 15 to < 45 years old and 45 to < 55 years old showed a downward trend (AAPC=-4.622%, -3.147%, both P < 0.05), while there was no changing trend in the age groups of 55 to < 65 years old and 65 years old and above (AAPC=-1.487%, 1.315%, both P > 0.05). The main sites of gastric cancer were concentrated in the gastric antrum, gastric body, and cardia. Conclusion From 2014 to 2023, the crude incidence rate of gastric cancer remained stable in Wenzhou, but the standardized incidence rate showed a downward trend. Men, middle-aged and elderly people were high-risk groups. Therefore, intervention should be carried out against risk factors, and screening and eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer screening should be strengthened to reduce the incidence rate of gastric cancer.

     

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