Abstract: In view of the growth of burden of gastric cancer across the world, as well as the feasibility of implementing etiological treatment, the prevention of gastric cancer should become one of the targets for cancer control and prevention. A report titled Helicobacter pylori Eradication as a Strategy for Preventing Gastric Cancer by International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC) was released by the World Health Organization(WHO) in 2014. This paper introduces the main content of the above-mentioned report, including the situation about the prevention of gastric cancer at various regions around the world, as well as the impacts of the eradication of Helicobacter pylori(HP) on the public health together with the economic applicability and feasibility thereof. The paper also analyzes the reference values of the gastric cancer prevention in China in the hope of providing references for the relevant policy-making as well as for the implementation of relevant control and preventive measures.