社区老年人认知功能综合性非药物干预效果的前瞻性研究

庄晓伟; 丁晓沧; 陈玉明; 吴国柱; 刘寒; 史曜维; 俞祺桑

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18635

社区老年人认知功能综合性非药物干预效果的前瞻性研究

Efficacy of comprehensive non-drug intervention on cognitive function for community elderly: a prospective study

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨社区老年人认知功能的综合性非药物干预效果，为老年失智的社区预防提供参考。
方法在上海市江宁路街道社区老年人(年龄≥60岁)中，按照纳入排除标准共筛选120名老年人，分为干预组和对照组；干预组进行12周的综合干预训练，由认知训练、有氧锻炼、放松训练、生活技能训练、社会功能训练、休闲娱乐、健康自我管理所组成的一种综合性干预训练方法；对照组不安排干预训练。干预前后采用蒙特利尔认知功能评估(MoCA)对两组进行认知功能测评。
结果干预前干预组与对照组的视空间与执行功能、命名、语言、注意、抽象、延迟回忆、定向力评分及总评分差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；干预后两组间视空间与执行功能、注意、定向力评分及总评分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；干预组干预前后的视空间与执行功能、注意、延迟回忆、定向力评分及总评分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)，对照组干预前后各认知领域评分差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。
结论综合性非药物干预可以部分改善或维护老年人的认知功能，能够有效地控制老年失智的进展。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo evaluate the comprehensive non-drug intervention effects on cognitive function for the elderly in a community.
MethodsA total of 120 people aged 60 and above in a community of Shanghai were included in the study, and divided into a comprehensive non-drug intervention group and control group.The elderly in intervention group had received comprehensive non-drug intervention training for 12 weeks and the comprehensive training methods were combined by cognitive training, aerobic training, relaxation training, life skill training, social function training, leisure entertainment and health self management.The two groups were evaluated before and after the intervention by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA).
ResultsBefore the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in visual space and executive function, naming, attention, language ability, abstract ability, delayed recall and directional force and total score(P > 0.05);Comparison after intervention:there were statistically significant differences in visual space and executive function, attention, delayed recall and directional force and total score in training group (P < 0.05), and all cognitive domain scores had no statistical significance in control group(P > 0.05).
ConclusionComprehensive non-drug intervention could partly improve and maintain cognitive function for community elderly, so as effectively to prevent dementia.

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