Abstract: Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, posing a serious threat to human health.Our country is one of the countries with the most serious tuberculosis epidemic in the world.There are many active tuberculosis patients and many latent tuberculosis infections (LTBI) in our country.Preventive therapy for LTBI is an important measure to prevent them from becoming active tuberculosis patients.In this study, we analyze the current status and limitations of preventive therapy in China.Some researches showed preventive therapy for people with high risk of tuberculosis disease in China could reduce the disease incidence, which was helpful for control of the epidemic situation.To perform large-scale and long-term preventive intervention projects, and to have appropriate preventive treatment strategy and evaluation criteria are needed in our country