上海市浦东新区某社区更年期女性生殖健康素养现状

黄勤; 黄勤瑾

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18764

上海市浦东新区某社区更年期女性生殖健康素养现状

黄勤,
黄勤瑾

Current situation of reproductive health literacy among menopausal women in a community in Pudong New Area, Shanghai

摘要

摘要:
目的了解更年期女性的生殖健康素养水平及其影响因素，为社区更年期女性健康管理提供策略依据。
方法采用上海市公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2015—2017年)“科技创新引领上海妇幼健康促进行动项目”的问卷，对上海市浦东新区某社区40~60岁妇女，开展更年期生殖健康素养的问卷调查。
结果共发放问卷728份，回收有效问卷721份，有效回收率99.04%。更年期女性生殖健康素养问卷平均得分为62.82±13.38；就医信息获取和筛选、两病筛查及激素补充治疗等方面自我评分较低；对更年期易发的疾病及其症状均有一定的认知，但其认知仍不够全面；更年期女性生殖健康素养总得分随年龄提升有下降趋势，差异具有显著性(F=8.73, P < 0.001)。教育程度较高者问卷总得分也较高(F=64.03, P < 0.001)。管理人员、专业技术人员和一般办事人员三组的得分相对较高，商业、服务业员工、农林牧渔水利生产人员，以及生产、运输设备操作人员的得分相对较低(F=14.68, P < 0.001)。健康素养总得分随着家庭人均月收入的提高而提高(F=13.39, P < 0.001)。
结论该社区更年期女性生殖健康素养总体水平不高，且存在较明显的不均衡性。年龄、文化程度、职业、收入均是素养得分的影响因素。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo have a general observation of the reproductive health literacy level and the influencing factors in the menopausal women, so as to find out the existing problems and deficiencies and to work out a strategy basis for their health management in communities.
MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the reproductive health literacy of women aged from 40 to 60 years old.The questionnaire used for the study was from The Project of The Three-Year Action Plan for Shanghai Public Health System (The Action Project of Scientific and Technological Innovation Leading Shanghai Women and Children′s Health Promotion, 2015-2017).
ResultsThe number of questionnaires released came to 728 copies, with 721 valid questionnaires returned and the effective recovery rate being 99.04%.The average score of the questionnaire was 62.82(σ=13.38).The self-ratings which involved obtaining and screening medical information, two diseases screening and hormone replacement therapy were relatively low.The investigators obtained a common knowledge of the menopause susceptibilities and the symptoms, but had not a comprehensive cognition.The total scores of female reproductive health literacy in menopause had a decreasing trend with age (F=8.73, P < 0.001).Menopausal women with better education scored higher(F=64.03, P < 0.001).The scores of managers, professional technicians and general staffs were relatively higher, while the lower scores were with the employees in commercial and service industries, farming, forestry, animal husbandry, fishing, water conservancy, production, and transportation equipment operators.(F=14.68, P < 0.001).The total scores increased with the increase of the monthly income per family (F=13.39, P < 0.001).
ConclusionThe level of reproductive health literacy of the menopausal women is not high in Jinqiao community, and there is a significant malconformation due to impact factors such as age, education level, occupation and income, all of which influenced the health literacy and scores for menopausal women.

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