苏州丘陵景区蜱的分布及其病原体携带状况调查

顾灯安; 张敏; 陈红娜; 陈学良; 马桢红; 归国平

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18774

苏州丘陵景区蜱的分布及其病原体携带状况调查

Survey of tick distribution and tick-borne pathogens in hilly scenic spots of Suzhou, China

摘要

摘要:
目的调查苏州市丘陵山地风景区蜱的地理分布及其病原体携带感染率，旨在评估和预警该地区蜱传疾病的传播风险。
方法利用人工布旗法和动物体表采集法采集游离蜱和寄生蜱，采用PCR方法检测蜱体内巴贝虫、斑点热群立克次体、伯氏疏螺旋体、蜱传脑炎病毒和发热伴血小板减少综合征布尼亚病毒(SFTSV)核酸。
结果共捕蜱148只，隶属于1科3属4种，分别为长角血蜱(占47.3%)、中华血蜱(占49.3%)、血红扇头蜱(占2.0%)及微小牛蜱(占1.4%)。蜱标本中巴贝虫、伯氏疏螺旋体、蜱传脑炎和发热伴血小板减少综合征布尼亚病毒核酸检测均为阴性；斑点热群立克次体核酸检测阳性，最小感染率为2.8%。
结论该地区蜱分布广泛，种类以长角血蜱和中华血蜱为主；部分蜱携带有斑点热群立克次体，应加强斑点热群立克次体的监控和研究。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the geographical distribution of ticks in the hilly mountain areas of Suzhou, and the infection rate of tick borne pathogens in order to assess and warn the risk of the spread of ticks in these areas.
MethodsThe free ranging ticks and parasite ticks were collected by artificial cloth flagging and animal surface collection. By means of PCR method were detected Babesia parasites, spotted fever group Rickettsiae, Borrelia burgdorferi, tick-borne encephalitis and SFTSV(bunyavirus) nucleic acid in the ticks, respectively.
ResultsA total of 148 ticks were collected, consisting of 1 family, 3 genera and 4 species, including 47.3% Haemaphysalis longicornis, 49.3% Haemaphysalis sinensis, 2.0% Rhipicephalus sanguineus and 1.4% Boophilus microplus, separately.The results were negative in DNA or RNA detection of Babesia parasites, Borrelia burgdorferi, tick-borne encephalitis and SFTSV in the specimens of ticks by PCR, but the spotted fever group Rickettsiae was positive and the minimum infection rate was 2.8%.
ConclusionThe tick vectors are widely distributed in hilly scenic areas of Suzhou, and the Haemaphysalis longicornis and Haemaphysalis sinensis compose the predominant tick species which are infected with spotted fever group Rickettsiae, so it is imperative to strengthen research and supervisory control of spotted fever group Rickettsiae.

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