儿童安全座椅配备及使用影响因素的多层线性模型分析

苏慧佳; 喻彦; 彭娟娟; 李为翊; 高淑娜; 高宁; 徐乃婷; 周德定; 施燕

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2018.18805

儿童安全座椅配备及使用影响因素的多层线性模型分析

Multilevel linear model analysis on influence factors for child safety seat possession and usage

摘要

摘要:
目的了解幼托机构学龄前儿童的家长对儿童乘车安全的知识、态度、行为，以及拥有私家车的儿童家庭配备及使用儿童安全座椅的影响因素。
方法采用整群随机抽样的方法，在上海市某区抽取不同级别的幼托机构中1 885名儿童家长，进行“儿童乘车现况”的问卷调查。内容包括基本人口学信息、儿童乘车安全知识和认知。其中有私家车的家庭还填写了儿童乘车行为的相关信息。采用多层线性模型分析有私家车的家庭为孩子配备儿童安全座椅的影响因素。
结果1 885名调查对象中，私家车拥有率59.36%，儿童安全座椅配备率62.02%。多层线性模型分析显示，幼托机构级别越高、儿童家庭收入越高，儿童安全座椅配备率越高。儿童年龄越小、儿童乘坐私家车出行频率越高，越倾向于使用儿童安全座椅。
结论不同幼托机构、个体间年龄、收入和出行频率的差异是儿童安全座椅配备率的主要影响因素。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate parents′ knowledge, awareness and attitude toward child safety seat possession and the situation of its possession, usage and influence factors in this regard.
MethodsA cluster random sampling of 1 885 parents of children from ten kindergartens in Shanghai was done for questionnaire survey with regard to "status of children riding car", covering demographic information as well as knowledge about vehicle safety for children and child safety seat.Among the 1 885 parents, those who had private cars also answered attached questions on child passenger′s behavior.Multilevel linear model analysis was used to probe influence factors for child safety seat possession.
ResultsOf the 1 885 respondents, 59.36% owned private car(s), and 62.02% of the owners claimed having child safety seat.Multilevel linear model analysis indicated that high level of kindergarten, high level of family income led to high level of child safety seat possession rate.Young age of children, high frequency of child riding on the private car led to high frequency of child safety seat usage.
ConclusionThe difference between different kindergartens, children′s ages, family income and frequencies of riding are main influential factors for child safety seat possession and usage.

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