余姚市居民水产品摄入镉的暴露评估

苗超; 胡向前; 王海蓉; 叶虹

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2019.18749

余姚市居民水产品摄入镉的暴露评估

Assessment on the dietary exposure of cadmium in aquatic products among residents in Yuyao City

摘要

摘要:
目的了解余姚市市售水产品镉含量水平，对居民水产品镉暴露风险进行初步评估，为镉暴露风险评估提供依据。
方法2015—2017年采集各类市售水产品样品以石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定镉含量。居民水产品消费量调查采用24 h膳食回顾法。以居民水产品镉平均暴露量结合每月摄入耐受量(PTMI)计算安全限值(MOS)，以初步评估水产品镉暴露风险。
结果水产品中海水蟹镉含量最高(0.465 mg/kg)，其次分别为海水甲壳类(0.277 mg/kg)、淡水蟹(0.197 mg/kg)、海水软体类(0.172 mg/kg)。居民镉平均暴露量为每公斤体重0.004 mg，未超过PTMI限值规定。
结论余姚市居民水产品镉暴露水平总体上安全，但应控制蟹类、甲壳类水产品的摄入。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo analyze the cadmium level in market aquatic products, and to preliminarily assess the risk of cadmium exposure, then providing evidence for its systematic assessment.
MethodsIn 2015-2017, samples of various aquatic products were collected from the market.Cadmium contents in them were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption method.By means of 24 h dietary review was investigated the consumption of aquatic products.In terms of average cadmium exposure in aquatic products with provisional tolerable monthly intake (PTMI) was calculated the margins of safety (MOS) of cadmium and then was preliminarily assessed the risk of cadmium exposure in aquatic products for residents.
ResultsThe highest content of cadmium was found to be 0.465 mg/kg in sea crab, followed by sea water crustaceans (0.277 mg/kg), freshwater crabs (0.197 mg/kg), sea water mollusks (0.172 mg/kg).The average cadmium exposure of residents was 0.004 mg/kg BW, which did not exceed the PTMI limit.
ConclusionCadmium exposure level is generally safe in residents′ dietary aquatic products, but the intake of crabs and crustaceans should be controlled.

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