Abstract: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is a national prescribed one for infants to be vaccinated at birth, one of the most effective agents for tuberculosis prevention and control.It is generally safe and does not cause serious reactions, only in individual cases it might cause local ulcers, lymph node enlargement, suppuration, and serious abnormal reactions such as rare BCG osteomyelitis and BCG spread all over the body.Because BCG is vaccinated at birth and is a live vaccine, it will produce very serious BCG response to those who have birth defects, and some even could severely affect children′s health.The case in this paper was an infant with birth immune deficiency, high IgE.After BCG vaccination, a local severe abscess reaction occurred.