ObjectiveTo assess the nutrition status of primary and middle school students in Shanghai and analyze the influencing factors, providing a reference for improving the health of primary and middle school students.

Methods Using physical examination and questionnaire data on Shanghai primary and secondary school students from the common disease and health influencing factors of nation-wide students to evaluate the nutrition status of the students, the differences were compared in these aspects between boys and girls, students in urban and suburban areas, and students among different grades.The disorderly multi-class logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of malnutrition, overweight and obesity.

Results Among 8 622 primary and middle school students in Shanghai, the rates of malnutrition, overweight and obesity were 6.66%, 17.81% and 13.25% respectively.The nutrition statuses were different between boys and girls, students in urban and suburbs, and students among different grades (P < 0.001).The relative-risk of malnutrition, overweight and obesity among girls was lower than that among boys.The relative-risk of overweight and obesity among students in suburban was lower than that among students in urban.The relative-risk of obesity in students of higher grades was lower than in students of lower grades.The students who ate breakfast every day had a lower relative-risk of being overweight and obese than those who did not eat breakfast every day.

Conclusion The problem of overweight and obesity in primary and middle school students in Shanghai is serious and male students living in urban or in lower grades need more attention.It is necessary to strengthen the health education work for primary and middle school students and their parents to solve the problem of overweight and obesity in Shanghai.