Objective To make a retrospective analysis on the epidemic situation of malaria and history of its control in Yangpu District, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of malaria.

Methods The data on the epidemic situation of malaria and prevention strategy in Yangpu District from 1952 to 2018 were collected and analyzed by the method of descriptive epidemiology.

Results The total incidence of malaria in Yangpu District from 1952 to 2018 was 102.5/100 000.The disease peaked in 1962;in that year, its incidence reached 1 678.27/100 000 with 13 423 cases.The incidence of malaria was below 1/100 000 from 1990 to now.There occurred the last local infected case of endemic malaria in Yangpu District in 2002.Acceptance of malaria elimination was smoothly passed in Yangpu in 2015.Malaria control in Yangpu was divided into six stages:epidemic stage, control stage, basic elimination stage, monitoring stage, elimination stage and post-elimination maintenance stage.

Conclusion Strengthening the surveillance of imported malaria, especially for foreign students, is particularly important for maintenance after elimination of malaria.