上海市某三甲综合性医院住院患者特征及疾病分布

徐文玺; 吕嘉品; 沈逸; 魏雯芊; 俞恋梅; 朱人杰; 刘中民

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2019.19834

上海市某三甲综合性医院住院患者特征及疾病分布

Characteristics and disease distribution of inpatients in a Class A general hospital in Shanghai

摘要

摘要:
目的分析上海市某三甲综合性医院住院患者疾病分布特征水平，及时掌握住院患者疾病谱和医疗卫生需求变化，为制定医院发展战略提供科学依据。
方法通过医院HIS系统采集2018年全年住院患者病史信息，结合ICD-10分类标准，用SPSS 16.0对住院患者的疾病分布进行现况研究。
结果2018年该院住院患者共77 983人次，每月入院人数波动具有季节性，2月出现明显下降。患者人数占比最大的病种为肿瘤化疗，慢性病中心脑血管疾病也占比较高。平均住院日为7.47 d，均符合国家的规定标准（平均住院日 < 15 d）。住院超过30 d的病人仍然主要集中在肿瘤和脑血管疾病。
结论肿瘤等慢性病住院占比大，应积极联合下级医院，规范和建立起良好的慢性病转诊机制。强化老年慢性病的科学管理，有效缩短平均住院日。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo make analysis on the disease distribution and characteristics of inpatients in a Class A hospital and ascertain the change of disease spectrum and healthcare needs, providing scientific basis for hospital strategy making.
MethodsInpatients information in 2018 was obtained and classified through HIS system and discharge diagnosis data according to ICD-10, and SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze the distribution and characteristics of the inpatients.
ResultIn 2018, there were 77 983 admissions. The number of monthly admissions had seasonal fluctuation, which declined significantly in February. The disease entity with the largest proportion of patients was tumor chemotherapy. In chronic diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases accounted for a relatively high proportion. The average hospital stay was 7.47 days, which met the national standards(average hospital stay < 15 days). The major discharge diagnosis of patients hospitalized for more than 30 days were cancer and cerebrovascular diseases.
ConclusionThe proportion of hospitalization for chronic diseases such as tumors is large. It is necessary to actively cooperate with lower-level hospitals, standardize and establish a rational mechanism for referral of chronic disease patients, and to strengthen the scientific management of chronic diseases in the elderly to effectively shorten the average hospitalization days.

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