上海市杨浦区学龄前儿童视力的分析

孙祖贤; 冯彦清; 王宏; 王佳; 赫慧琛; 张梦佳; 黄骁倩

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2020.19043

上海市杨浦区学龄前儿童视力的分析

Visual acuity in preschool children of Yangpu District in Shanghai

摘要

摘要:
目的了解上海市杨浦区学龄前儿童视力状况，为制定相应的近视防控措施提供依据。
方法采用横断面研究和随机整群抽样的方法，对杨浦区5所幼儿园中符合入选条件的儿童1 415名，按年龄和性别分组，采用国际标准对数E字视力表和Canon RK-F1全自动电脑验光仪进行视力和屈光参数的检查，将所得数据进行统计分析。
结果杨浦区学龄前儿童正视率为80.4%，近视率为16.7%，远视率为2.9%，不同年龄组间（χ²=3.419，P=0.755）和不同性别间（χ²=2.433，P=0.296）的正视、近视及远视率差异无统计学意义。总视力不良率为10.5%，不同年龄组间（χ²=9.637，P=0.022）和不同性别间（χ²=4.191，P=0.041）视力不良率的差异有统计学意义。
结论学龄前儿童的视力不良率和近视率不容乐观，需要更深入筛查，给予早期干预。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the visual acuity condition of preschool children in Yangpu District of Shanghai, providing the basis for formulation of corresponding intervention measures for myopia.
MethodsThe inspection equipment was the international standard logarithmic E-word visual acuity chart, and the Canon RK-F1 automatic computer optometry instrument.By using cross-sectional study and random cluster sampling method, a total of 1 415 preschool children in 5 kindergartens in Yangpu District were selected according to their ages and genders, and their visual acuity and refractive parameters were examined with the result being statistically analyzed.
ResultsIn preschool children of Yangpu District, their envisage rate was 80.4%, myopia rate 16.7% and hyperopia rate 2.9%.There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of envisage, myopia and hyperopia between different age groups (χ²=3.419, P=0.755) and different genders (χ²=2.433, P=0.296).The rate of poor vision for preschool children in Yangpu was 10.5%.There was a statistically significant difference in the rate of poor vision between different age groups (χ²=9.637, P=0.022) and different genders (χ²=4.191, P=0.041).
ConclusionThe visual acuity rate and myopia rate in preschool children are not optimistic and need further screening and early intervention.

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