2010-2019年云南省文山州食物中毒死亡事件流行病学特征分析

徐华; 张志祥; 曾龙剑; 刘涛

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2020.19911

2010-2019年云南省文山州食物中毒死亡事件流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological analysis of food poisoning deaths in Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 2010-2019

摘要

摘要:
目的分析2010-2019年云南省文山州食物中毒死亡事件的流行病学特点，为制定食物中毒死亡事件的预防控制措施和策略提供依据。
方法收集2010-2019年文山州食物中毒死亡事件数据，运用Excel 2003软件进行数据整理分析。
结果2010-2019年文山州共报告食物中毒死亡事件65起，占同期食物中毒事件的7.5%；食物中毒死亡事件中病死率为36.7%，同期食物中毒事件的病死率为2.1%；食物中毒死亡事件高发于6、7月份，夏秋季节较多；野生蕈中毒为食物中毒死亡事件的主要致死原因，发病以农村家庭为主。
结论野生蕈中毒是文山州控制食物中毒死亡事件的重点，要加强宣传教育，提高人民群众辨识食用野生蕈能力，强化乡镇村基层医疗机构能力建设，建立食品安全管理长效机制。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of food poisoning deaths in Wenshan Prefecture of Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2019, so as to provide the basis for formulating the strategies and measures for prevention and control of food poisoning deaths in Wenshan Prefecture.
MethodsThe data of food poisoning deaths in Wenshan Prefecture from 2010 to 2019 were collected and analyzed by Excel software.
ResultsFrom 2010 to 2019, 65 food poisoning deaths were reported, accounting for 7.5% of the food poisoning incidents in the same period.The fatality rate of food poisoning deaths was 36.7%, and the mortality rate of food poisoning events in the same period was 2.1%.The high incidence of food poisoning deaths occurred in summer and autumn, with the highest in June and July.Wild mushroom poisoning was the main cause of death in food poisoning, and the incidence was mainly in rural families.
ConclusionWild mushroom poisoning should be the focus of controlling food poisoning deaths in Wenshan Prefecture.It is necessary to strengthen public education, improve people′s ability to identify edible wild mushrooms, strengthen the building of capacity of medical institutions in towns and villages, and establish a long-term mechanism for food safety management.

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