台州市小学生呼吸系统疾病与生活居住环境的关系研究

程强; 桂方中; 张海蕾; 徐慧琇; 方家阳

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2021.20494

台州市小学生呼吸系统疾病与生活居住环境的关系研究

Relationship between the living environment and respiratory diseases in primary school students in Taizhou City

摘要

摘要:
目的了解浙江省台州市小学生生活居住环境与患呼吸系统疾病的关系，探讨与小学生呼吸系统疾病相关的生活居住环境因素。
方法2018、2019年的11月15日—12月31日，采用整群随机抽样法选择台州市某小学二~五年级小学生1 044人进行问卷调查，分析小学生生活居住环境与患呼吸系统疾病之间的关系。
结果共完成有效问卷调查1 044人，近1年患过呼吸系统疾病的学生共224人，占21.5%。多因素logistic回归分析显示，家居100 m内有垃圾站（OR=2.522，95%CI：1.105~5.752）、家庭内有被动吸烟（OR=1.781，95%CI：1.234~2.571）、家庭内使用空气污染型化学品（OR=1.915，95%CI：1.396~2.627）是台州市小学生患呼吸系统疾病的危险因素。
结论应在小学生的日常生活中对呼吸系统疾病的危险因素加以预防，降低小学生呼吸系统疾病的患病率。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo understand the relationship between the living environment and respiratory diseases in primary school students in Taizhou City of Zhejiang Province， and to explore the related factors.
MethodsFrom 2018 to 2019， a total of 1 044 students from grade 2 to grade 5 of a primary school in Taizhou were selected by cluster random sampling method for two consecutive years to conduct a questionnaire survey during November 15 to December 31. Correlation between living environment and respiratory diseases in primary school students was analyzed.
ResultsAmong the 1 044 students completed valid questionnaires， 224 students had suffered from respiratory diseases in the past year， accounting for 21.5% from 2018 to 2019. Logistic regression analysis showed that existence of waste collection site within 100 m of household （OR=2.522， 95%CI：1.105-5.752）， family passive smoking exposure （OR=1.781， 95%CI： 1.234-2.571）， and household use of air pollution chemicals （OR=1.915， 95%CI：1.396-2.627） were independent risk factors for respiratory diseases in primary school students.
ConclusionThere are some risk factors of respiratory diseases in the living environment of primary school students in Taizhou， and prevention should be carried out in daily life to reduce the prevalence of respiratory diseases among primary school students.

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