ObjectiveTo understand the basic nutrition situation of primary and secondary school students in the urban area of Yichun City， and to provide corresponding strategies and measures for the improvement of the nutrition of children and adolescents.

MethodsA stratified sampling method was used to select the urban primary and secondary school students in 10 counties （cities， districts） in Yichun City from 2019 to 2020 for physical examinations to assess their nutritional status.

ResultsAmong 8 921 primary and middle school students surveyed， 62（0.69%） were stunted in growth， 735（8.24%） were emaciated， 1 130（12.67%） were overweight， and 662（7.42%） were obese. The weight loss rate of primary school students was the highest （10.54%， 360/3 414）， followed by junior middle school students （7.07%， 214/3 026）， and senior high school students （6.49%， 161/2 481）. The difference was statistically significant （χ²=39.51， P<0.05）. The proportion of unbalanced nutritional status of boys was 35.66% （1 578/4 425）， which was higher than that of girls （22.49%， 1 011/4 496）， and the difference was statistically significant （χ²=187.91， P<0.01）.

ConclusionBoth malnutrition and overweight/obesity exist in primary and middle school students in Yichun City. We should pay special attention to boys and lower grade students， and intervene different nutritional problems.