温泉泡浴对人群体内元素代谢平衡的调节作用

徐玉艳; 曾奇兵; 张爱华

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2021.21179

摘要:

目的分析温泉泡浴前后人群尿液中24种元素的变化情况，探究贵州省温泉泡浴对元素代谢的影响，为温泉泡浴的理疗功效提供理论参考依据。

方法采用电感耦合等离子体-质谱(ICP-MS)法测定贵州省偏硅酸型温泉、温矿泉型温泉和温度型温泉中钙(Ca)、钾(K)、镁(Mg)、钠(Na)、磷(P)、硫(S)、锶(Sr)、锌(Zn)、硼(B)、锰(Mn)、镍(Ni)、钒(V)、硒(Se)、钴(Co)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、铁(Fe)、钼(Mo)、砷(As)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、锂(Li)、铅(Pb)、铝(Al)等24种元素含量。在健康体检的基础上，选择贵州省温泉地区421名人群作为观察对象。在专业人员的指导下，志愿者进行持续4周的温泉泡浴，每天1次，每周5次，40~50 min/次。最终有311名志愿者完成了规范泡浴。分别于温泉泡浴干预前后采集志愿者尿液，采用ICP-MS法分析尿液中常量元素(Ca、K、Mg、Na、P、S)、必需微量元素(Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mo、Se、Sr、Zn)、可能必需微量元素(B、Mn、Ni、V)和潜在有毒元素(Al、As、Cd、Hg、Li、Pb)的含量。采用Wilcoxon检验比较泡浴前后人群尿液中各元素的差异。

结果偏硅酸型温泉中主要含有Cu、V、As等; 温矿泉型温泉中主要含有Ca、K、Mg、S、Cr、Fe、Se、Mn、Ni、Li等; 温度型温泉中主要含有Mo、Sr、Zn、B、Al、Pb等。与泡浴前比较，泡浴后观察对象体内常量元素(Ca、K、Mg、S)、必需微量元素(Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mo、Se、Zn)、可能必需微量元素(B、Mn、Ni、V)含量显著增高，潜在有毒元素(Al、Li、Pb)含量显著降低，差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。按温泉类型分组研究发现，与泡浴前相比，偏硅酸型温泉泡浴后观察对象体内P、S、Co、Cr、Mo、Se、Zn、Mn、Ni含量显著增高，Hg含量显著降低，差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.05);温矿泉型温泉泡浴后观察对象体内Ca、Mg、S、Zn含量显著增高，Al、Pb含量显著降低，差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.05);温度型温泉泡浴后观察对象体内Mg、S、Co、Cr、Se、Ni含量显著增高，Al含量显著降低，差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。

结论贵州省温泉中富含多种矿物元素; 温泉泡浴后，人体内必需微量元素、可能必需微量元素含量有所增加，潜在有毒元素含量降低，但无性别差异。

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo analyze the changes of major and trace elements in urine before and after hot spring bathing, and to explore the effect of hot spring bathing on element metabolism, so as to provide theoretical reference for the physiotherapeutic efficacy of hot spring bathing.

MethodsThe content of Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, Zn, B, Mn, Ni, V, Se, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, As, Cd, Hg, Li, Pb and Al in warm mineral springs, metasilicic springs and mineral springs in Guizhou Province was determined by ICP-MS. On the basis of physical examination, 421 people in hot spring areas of Guizhou Province were selected as the subjects. Under the guidance of professionals, the volunteers took a hot spring bath with the whole body immersed for four weeks, once a day, five times a week, for 40-50 minutes each time. Finally, 311 volunteers completed the standard bath required by this study. The content of major elements(Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, and S), essential trace elements(Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Se, Sr, and Zn), possibly essential trace elements(B, Mn, Ni, and V)and potentially toxic elements(Al, As, Cd, Hg, Li, and Pb)in urine was analyzed by ICP-MS. Wilcoxon test was used to compare the differences of various elements in urine before and after bathing.

ResultsThe water of the warm mineral spring pool mainly contained Mo, Sr, Zn, B, Al, and Pb. The metasilicic acid water mainly contained Cu, V, and As. The water of the mineral spring bubble pool mainly contained Ca, K, Mg, S, Cr, Fe, Se, Mn, Ni, and Li. Compared with before intervention, the content of major elements(Ca, K, Mg, S), essential trace elements(Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Se, Zn)and possibly essential trace elements(B, Mn, Ni, V)significantly increased, and the content of potential toxic elements(Al, Li, Pb)significantly decreased after intervention(all P < 0.05). The results showed that the content of P, S, Co, Cr, Mo, Se, Zn, Mn and Ni increased significantly and the content of Hg decreased significantly after metasilicic acid hot spring bathing compared with that before bathing(all P < 0.05). After warm mineral hot spring bathing, the content of Ca, Mg, S and Zn increased significantly, while the content of Al and Pb decreased significantly(all P < 0.05). The content of Mg, S, Co, Cr, Se and Ni increased significantly and the content of Al decreased significantly(all P < 0.05).

ConclusionThere are many kinds of mineral elements in hot springs in Guizhou Province. After hot spring bathing, the essential trace elements and possible essential trace elements in human body increased, and the potential toxic elements decreased, but there was no gender difference.

温泉泡浴对人群体内元素代谢平衡的调节作用

Regulating effect of hot spring bathing therapy on the balance of element metabolism in the human body