上海市杨浦区白纹伊蚊对杀虫剂耐受性变化的动态观察

张杰; 陆崇华; 纵利利; 陆晓燕; 刘洪霞

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.21317

上海市杨浦区白纹伊蚊对杀虫剂耐受性变化的动态观察

**Insecticide resistance tendency and prevention strategies of Aedes albopictus in Yangpu District， Shanghai， China**

摘要

摘要:
目的掌握上海市杨浦区白纹伊蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性发展动态，为白纹伊蚊的控制和登革热应急处置提供科学依据。
方法采用WHO推荐的幼虫浸渍法，测定白纹伊蚊幼虫的半数致死浓度（LC₅₀），采用SPSS 25.0软件计算杀虫剂的毒力基线。
结果白纹伊蚊对高效氯氰菊酯的抗药性保持中抗，2015、2017、2019年的抗性倍数依次为14.44、10.00、17.78；对氯菊酯的抗药性保持高抗，抗性倍数依次为54.00、140.00、52.00；对残杀威的抗药性保持中抗，抗性倍数依次为15.33、13.06、10.83。2015年白纹伊蚊对溴氰菊酯的抗药性为高抗，抗性倍数为40.00；2017年的抗药性为中抗，抗性倍数为35.00。白纹伊蚊2015年对双硫磷的抗药性为低抗，抗性倍数为9.38。
结论上海市杨浦区白纹伊蚊对使用较多的氯菊酯已经产生很高的抗药性，应当在蚊虫防治中慎用、少用氯菊酯。此外，还需要积极推行和采用综合治理的策略，构建蚊虫防治的长效机制。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the resistance development of Aedes albopictus to commonly used insecticides in Yangpu District of Shanghai， China， and to provide scientific bases for the control of A. albopictus and the emergency treatment of dengue fever.
Methods The larva immersion method recommended by WHO was used to assay the median lethal concentration （LC₅₀） of A. albopictus larva. SPSS 25.0 was used to calculate the toxicity baselines of insecticides.
Results A. albopictus kept a medium resistance to beta-cypermethrin， and the resistance ratios were 14.44， 10.00， 17.78， respectively， in 2015， 2017， 2019. The mosquitos kept a high resistance to permethrin， and the resistance ratios were 54.00， 140.00， 52.00 respectively， in 2015， 2017， 2019.Besides， A. albopictus also kept a medium resistance to propoxur， and the resistance ratios were 15.34， 13.06， 10.83 respectively， in 2015， 2017， 2019. To deltamethrin， A. albopictus showed high resistance in 2015 and medium resistance in 2017， the resistance ratios were 40.00 and 35.00. To temephos， A. albopictus showed low resistance in 2015， with the resistance ratio of 9.38.
Conclusion A. albopictus has developed high resistance to permethrin in Yangpu District of Shanghai， and cautious and reduced use of permethrin is suggested. It is necessary to implement and adopt the strategy of comprehensive management， in order to establish the long-term mechanism for mosquito control and prevention.

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