王雅婷, 钟伟, 潘金花, 张兆文, 张晶晶, 吕静, 贾碧云, 王宙云, 陈婉莉, 张煊昭, 苏华林, 朱敏慧, 徐智寅. 上海市闵行区2009—2020年手足口病疫情时空流行特征[J]. 上海预防医学, 2022, 34(5): 441-445. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.21373
引用本文: 王雅婷, 钟伟, 潘金花, 张兆文, 张晶晶, 吕静, 贾碧云, 王宙云, 陈婉莉, 张煊昭, 苏华林, 朱敏慧, 徐智寅. 上海市闵行区2009—2020年手足口病疫情时空流行特征[J]. 上海预防医学, 2022, 34(5): 441-445. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.21373
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WANG Yating, ZHONG Wei, PAN Jinhua, ZHANG Zhaowen, ZHANG Jingjing, LYU Jing, JIA Biyun, WANG Zhouyun, CHEN Wanli, ZHANG Xuanzhao, SU Hualin, ZHU Minhui, XU Zhiyin. The spatial-temporal characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Minhang District of Shanghai， 2009‒2020[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 34(5): 441-445. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.21373
Citation: WANG Yating, ZHONG Wei, PAN Jinhua, ZHANG Zhaowen, ZHANG Jingjing, LYU Jing, JIA Biyun, WANG Zhouyun, CHEN Wanli, ZHANG Xuanzhao, SU Hualin, ZHU Minhui, XU Zhiyin. The spatial-temporal characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Minhang District of Shanghai， 2009‒2020[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 34(5): 441-445. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.21373
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上海市闵行区2009—2020年手足口病疫情时空流行特征

The spatial-temporal characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Minhang District of Shanghai， 2009‒2020

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 了解2009—2020年上海市闵行区手足口病流行病学特征，为手足口病科学防控提供依据。
    方法 从中国疾病预防控制中心传染病报告信息管理系统中获取手足口病病例的个案信息，采用描述性流行病学方法分析手足口病的人群特征、时空分布、病原构成及其变化趋势。
    结果 2009—2020年上海市闵行区手足口病累计报告66 198例，其中重症病例377例（重症率为0.57%），死亡3例（重症病死率为0.80%）。男性高于女性（1.5∶1）；≤5岁的儿童占全部病例的88.91%，以散居儿童（55.80%）和幼托儿童（35.62%）为主，占总病例的91.42%。发病率呈周期性变化趋势，低发年和高发年交替出现，4—7月为高峰期，10—12月有时会出现较明显的小高峰。平均发病率的高低与托幼机构的分布类似，重症病例的分布也与托幼机构的分布一致。2009—2020年，通过时空扫描分析发现3个聚集区，分别位于吴泾镇、华漕镇和莘庄镇。普通病例EV71型占比总体呈递减趋势，至2019年降为0；CoxA6所占比例呈逐年递增，至2020年达到75.00%，成为近几年的优势病原；重症病例数从2010年开始逐年递减，优势病原为EV71（平均占比90.03%）。
    结论 上海市闵行区手足口病发病率自2014年后呈下降趋势，普通病例优势病原由EV71转变为CoxA6，重症病例的优势病原依然为EV71。疫情存在时空聚集性，应加强对托幼机构等重点场所、发病聚集时间和重点人群的防控工作，坚持开展监测手足口病病原。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective This study aimed to understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Minhang District， Shanghai from 2009 to 2020， and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD.
    Methods The case information of HFMD was collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Diseases Reporting System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. We used descriptive epidemiological methods to analyze the population characteristics， temporal and spatial distribution of HFMD， the pathogen composition of the case and its changing trend.
    Results From 2009 to 2020， a total of 66，198 cases of HFMD were reported in Minhang District， Shanghai， including 377 severe cases （severe case rate 0.57%） and 3 deaths （severs case fatality rate 0.80%）. There were more cases of HFMD in boys than in girls （1.5∶1）. HFMD patients aged under 5 years predominated， accounting for 88.91% of all cases. Majority of the cases （91.42%） were in scattered children （55.80%） and children in kindergartens （35.62%）. The incidence showed a cyclical trend， with low incidence years and high incidence years appearing alternately. The peak period was from April to July， and sometimes there were small peaks during October to December. A total of 12 years time-space scanning analysis revealed 3 clusters. The cluster centers were located in Wujing Town， Huacao Town and Xinzhuang Town， respectively. The proportion of EV71 in common cases was generally decreasing， and reduced to zero in 2019. The proportion of CoxA6 had increased year by year， and reached 75.00% in 2020. CoxA6 became the dominant pathogen in recent years. The number of severe cases had decreased year by year since 2010， and the dominant pathogen was EV71 （90.03% on average） in severe cases.
    Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Minhang District of Shanghai has a downward trend from 2014. The dominant pathogen changes from EV71 to CoxA6， and the dominant pathogen in severe cases is EV71. The discovered temporal and spatial clustering pattern is helpful for in-depth understanding of the distribution and epidemic trend of HFMD in Minhang District， and provides a scientific basis for epidemic prevention and control.

     

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