阿迪拉·阿不来提, 胡韦菊, 梁晓菲, 阿斯木古丽·克力木. 2020年新疆乌鲁木齐市2 490例产妇产后抑郁和焦虑现况[J]. 上海预防医学, 2023, 35(5): 440-447. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2023.22200
引用本文: 阿迪拉·阿不来提, 胡韦菊, 梁晓菲, 阿斯木古丽·克力木. 2020年新疆乌鲁木齐市2 490例产妇产后抑郁和焦虑现况[J]. 上海预防医学, 2023, 35(5): 440-447. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2023.22200
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ABULAITI Adila, HU Weiju, LIANG Xiaofei, KELIMU Asimuguli. Incidence and influencing factors of postpartum depression and anxiety among 2 490 puerpera in Urumqi in 2020[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2023, 35(5): 440-447. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2023.22200
Citation: ABULAITI Adila, HU Weiju, LIANG Xiaofei, KELIMU Asimuguli. Incidence and influencing factors of postpartum depression and anxiety among 2 490 puerpera in Urumqi in 2020[J]. Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2023, 35(5): 440-447. DOI: 10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2023.22200
shu

2020年新疆乌鲁木齐市2 490例产妇产后抑郁和焦虑现况

Incidence and influencing factors of postpartum depression and anxiety among 2 490 puerpera in Urumqi in 2020

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 调查2020年新型冠状病毒感染疫情（简称“新冠疫情”）防控期间新疆乌鲁木齐市产后抑郁症（PPD）和焦虑症（PPA）发病率及其影响因素。
    方法 将2020年1月至2020年12月乌鲁木齐市某三甲医院进行产后健康检查的产妇作为研究对象，收集产妇社会人口学和产科信息。采用九项患者健康问卷（PHQ⁃9）和广泛焦虑量表（GAD⁃7）筛查PPD和PPA，并采用法国PEGASUS超声骨密度测定仪对产妇的跟骨进行骨密度测量。对PPD和PPA相关影响因素进行单因素分析后，用二元logistic回归分析探讨其与各影响因素间的关系。
    结果 共2 490名产妇参与调查，2020年乌鲁木齐市产妇PPD和PPA发病率分别为13.4%、10.8%。经单因素分析6个因素纳入多因素二元logistic回归进行进一步分析。结果提示，年龄≥35岁（OR=1.707，95%CI：1.142~2.551）、无业（OR=1.478，95%CI：1.003~2.205）、经产妇（OR=1.340，95%CI：1.037~1.733）、骨量减少（OR=1.434，95%CI：1.076~1.910）是PPD的危险因素，而母乳喂养（OR=0.466，95%CI：0.301~0.721）为保护因素。年龄18~24岁（OR=1.559，95%CI：1.282~3.097）和剖宫产（OR=1.433，95%CI：1.105~1.859）为PPA的危险因素，而年龄30~34岁（OR=0.524，95%CI：0.332~0.827）、医务人员（OR=0.282，95%CI：0.807~0.919）、母乳喂养（OR=0.530，95%CI：0.330~0.850）为保护因素。
    结论 新冠疫情防控期间乌鲁木齐市产妇PPD和PPA发病率处于中低水平，而年龄、职业、分娩次数、分娩方式、喂养方式和骨密度是影响因素。应加强特殊时期围生期心理健康问题筛查覆盖人数和地区，降低疾病风险。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of postpartum depression and anxiety in Urumqi during the coronavirus disease （COVID-19） epidemic period in 2020.
    Methods Research subjects were the parturients who underwent postpartum health checkups in a third class hospital in Urumqi from January 2020 to December 2020. The maternal socio demographic and obstetric information were collected， and PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales were used for screening of PPD and PPA. Calcaneal bone mineral density of the parturients was measured by French Pegasus ultrasonic bone densitometer. After univariate analysis of the related influencing factors of PPD and PPA， multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between mental disorders and various influencing factors.
    Results A total of 2 490 puerpera participated in the survey. The incidences of PPD and PPA in 2020 were 13.4 % and 10.8 %， respectively. Six factors with statistical differences after univariate analysis were included in multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. The final results suggested that age over 35 （OR=1.707，95%CI：1.142‒2.551）， unemployment （OR=1.478，95%CI：1.003‒2.205）， multipara （OR=1.340，95%CI：1.037‒1.733）， bone loss and osteoporosis （OR=1.434，95%CI： 1.076‒1.910） were the risk factors of PPD， while breastfeeding （OR=0.466，95%CI： 0.301‒0.721） was a protective factor. Ages between 18‒24 （OR=1.559，95%CI：1.282‒3.097） and cesarean section （OR=1.433，95%CI： 1.105‒1.859） were the risk factors of PPA， while ages between 30‒34 years old （OR=0.524，95%CI： 0.332‒0.827）， occupation as medical staff （OR=0.282，95%CI： 0.807‒0.919）， breastfeeding （OR=0.530，95%CI： 0.330‒0.850） were protective factors.
    Conclusion Incidences of PPD and PPA are in middle-low levels during COVID-19 epidemic period. Age， occupation， delivery mode， delivery times， feeding pattern and bone mineral density are the influencing factors. Screen coverage of PPD and PPA in special period should be strengthened， and measures should be taken to reduce the risk.

     

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